Figure 5.

Potyvirus transcriptional frameshifting. This permits expression of the overlapping ORF pipo whose product (light blue) is part of a protein, P3N-PIPO involved in viral movement between cells, and therefore essential to virus viability. Potyviruses are important as major pathogens of agricultural crops and for their effects on other plants. The effect of tulip mosaic potyvirus on flower pattern caused one bulb at the height of tulip-mania in the 1625 to cost ‘Four tons of wheat; eight tons of rye; four fat oxen; eight fat pigs; twelve fat sheep; two hogsheads of wine; four barrels of beer; two barrels of butter; one thousand pounds of cheese; one bed, with accessories; one full-dress suit; and one silver goblet.’ A second instance of transcriptional frameshifting in a small subset of potyviruses yields the product P1N-PISPO (PISPO in light green) [RNA Polymerase Slippage as a Mechanism for the Production of Frameshift Gene Products in Plant Viruses of the Potyviridae Family. Rodamilans, B., Valli, A., Mingot, A., San León, D., Baulcombe, D, López-Moya, J.J., and García, J.A. J. Virol. (2015) 89(13) 6965-6967, doi:10.1128/JVI.00337-15, reproduced with permission from American Society for Microbiology.].