Table 1. Initial N-Arylation Experimentsa.

Reaction conditions: phenylalanine tert-butyl ester free base (5a, 1.2 equiv), electrophile (1 equiv), P1 (1 mol %), base (1.2 equiv).
Isolated yields.
Enantiomeric excess (ee) was determined by HPLC analysis using chiral stationary phases.