Table 3. Functional Disability Scores.

ODI = Oswestry Disability Index; RMDQ = Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire; ICIDH = International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps; JOA = Japanese Orthopedic Association.

Study	Mean Baseline	Follow-up	% Improvement
Studies reported ODI
Baral (2011) [20]	60.86	35.68	41
Kawu (2012) [19]	61	32	48
Rados (2011) [22]	~54	~40	26
Sayegh (2009) [25]	38.5	8.95	77
Manchikanti (2014 A) [17]	29.95	14.8	51
Manchikanti (2014 B) [12]	28.95	14.5	50
Manchikanti (2011) [21]	28.55	14.3	50
Manchikanti (2010) [23]	29.35	14	52
Manchikanti (2008) [26]	28.55	13.3	53
Studies reported RMDQ
Helvoirt (2014) [16]	12.2	3.3	73
Spijker-Huiges (2014) [2]	16.5	2.3	86
Studies reported ICIDH by WHO
Gomez (2007) [27]	Grade 3 (11.7%)	Grade 3 3.3%	NA
	Grade 2 (53.3%)	Grade 2 20%
	Grade 1 (35%)	Grade 1 26.7
	Grade 0 (0%)	Grade 0 50%
Studies reported JOA
Yang (2006) [30]	7.44 ±2.16	12.19 ± 2.23