Table 1.
Main characteristics of the whole study population and its subgroups by outcome.
| Variable/subgroups | Total population, n = 2,050 | Unimpaired group, n = 1,458 | Overall MCI, n = 592 | Amnestic MCI, n = 309 | Non-amnestic MCI, n = 283 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 64.1 ± 7.7 | 63.2 ± 7.4 | 66.3 ± 7.9 | 66.0 ± 8.0 | 66.6 ± 7.7 |
| Men, n (%) | 1,007 (49.1) | 718 (49.2) | 289 (48.8) | 169 (54.7) | 120 (42.4) |
| Education level, n (%) | |||||
| Low | 191 (9.3) | 122 (8.4) | 69 (11.7) | 38 (12.3) | 31 (10.9) |
| Medium | 1,142 (55.7) | 785 (53.8) | 357 (60.3) | 184 (59.5) | 173 (61.1) |
| High | 716 (34.9) | 551 (37.8) | 165 (27.9) | 86 (27.8) | 79 (27.9) |
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | |||||
| Never | 726 (35.4) | 468 (32.1) | 258 (43.6) | 152 (49.2) | 106 (37.5) |
| 1–3 drinks/week | 400 (19.5) | 284 (19.5) | 116 (19.6) | 55 (17.8) | 61 (21.5) |
| > 3, ≤ 6 drinks/week | 151 (7.4) | 117 (8.0) | 34 (5.7) | 15 (4.8) | 19 (6.7) |
| > 6 drinks/week | 738 (36.0) | 570 (39.1) | 168 (28.4) | 77 (24.9) | 91 (32.2) |
| Smoking, n (%) | |||||
| Current | 462 (22.5) | 327 (22.4) | 135 (22.8) | 75 (24.3) | 60 (21.2) |
| Former smokers | 720 (35.1) | 520 (35.7) | 200 (33.8) | 112 (36.2) | 88 (31.1) |
| Never smokers | 868 (42.3) | 611 (41.9) | 257 (43.4) | 122 (39.5) | 135 (47.7) |
| Environmental tobacco smoke, n (%) | 521 (25.4) | 380 (26.1) | 141 (23.8) | 76 (24.6) | 65 (23.0) |
| Any regular physical activity, n (%) | 1,182 (57.7) | 891 (61.1) | 291 (49.2) | 132 (42.7) | 159 (56.2) |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 28.1 ± 4.8 | 28.0 ± 4.6 | 28.4 ± 5.2 | 28.7 ± 5.3 | 28.0 ± 5.1 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 369 (18.0) | 238 (16.3) | 131 (22.1) | 74 (23.9) | 57 (20.1) |
| CHD, n (%) | 106 (5.2) | 58 (4.0) | 48 (8.1) | 29 (9.4) | 19 (6.7) |
| Medicated hypertension, n (%) | 986 (48.1) | 659 (45.2) | 327 (55.2) | 182 (58.9) | 145 (51.2) |
| Medications – statins, n (%) | 405 (19.8) | 264 (18.1) | 141 (23.8) | 78 (25.2) | 63 (22.3) |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL), mean ± SD | 224.5 ± 40.8 | 225.0 ± 39.5 | 223.2 ± 43.9 | 222.6 ± 46.4 | 223.8 ± 41.1 |
| Depression (CES-D score), mean ± SD | 8.0 ± 6.6 | 6.6 ± 5.6 | 11.5 ± 7.6 | 12.0 ± 8.0 | 11.0 ± 7.1 |
| APOE-ε4, n (%) | 505 (24.6) | 337 (23.1) | 168 (28.4) | 91 (29.4) | 77 (27.2) |
| City, n (%) | |||||
| Essen | 650 (31.7) | 443 (30.8) | 207 (35.0) | 93 (30.1) | 97 (34.3) |
| Bochum | 584 (28.5) | 427 (29.3) | 157 (26.5) | 90 (29.1) | 64 (22.6) |
| Mülheim | 742 (36.2) | 536 (36.8) | 206 (34.8) | 93 (30.1) | 113 (39.9) |
| Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale; CHD, coronary heart disease; APOE, apolipoprotein E. | |||||