Table 3.
Associations of air pollution and noise with MCIa, OR (95% CI).
| Cognitive criterion | PM10 (IQR = 2.09 μg/m3) | PMcoarse (IQR = 1.00 μg/m3) | PM2.5 (IQR = 1.44 μg/m3) | PM2.5 absorbance (IQR = 0.35 × 10–5/m) | NO2 (IQR = 6.11 μg/m3) | NOx (IQR = 15.70 μg/m3) | Traffic load at major roads (vehicles × m/day)b | LDEN [threshold 60 dB(A)] | LNIGHT [threshold 55 dB(A)] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall MCI | 1.11 (0.99, 1.23) | 1.11 (0.98, 1.26) | 1.16 (1.05, 1.27) | 1.11 (1.03, 1.19) | 1.10 (0.97, 1.25) | 1.10 (0.96, 1.26) | 1.00 (0.94, 1.07) | 1.40 (1.03, 1.91) | 1.80 (1.07, 3.04) |
| Amnestic MCI | 1.17 (1.07, 1.35) | 1.26 (0.95, 1.33) | 1.22 (1.08, 1.38) | 1.17 (1.03, 1.35) | 1.13 (1.01, 1.38) | 1.13 (0.96, 1.34) | 1.03 (0.96, 1.11) | 1.53 (1.05, 2.24) | 2.25 (1.23, 4.12) |
| Nonamnestic MCI | 1.04 (0.90, 1.21) | 1.09 (0.92, 1.29) | 1.10 (0.92, 1.31) | 1.03 (0.90, 1.19) | 1.01 (0.85, 1.20) | 1.05 (0.88, 1.26) | 0.95 (0.85, 1.05) | 1.26 (0.82, 1.93) | 1.31 (0.60, 2.85) |
|
Abbreviations: dB(A), A-weighted decibels; IQR, interquartile range; LDEN, weighted 24-hr mean; LNIGHT, night-time mean; MCI, mild cognitive impairment. aAdjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, alcohol consumption, smoking status, self-reported environmental tobacco smoke, any regular physical activity, body mass index. bAdditionally adjusted for background NO2. | |||||||||