Table 2.
Correlates of parental agreement for HPV vaccine school-entry requirements (N=1,501).
| No. respondents who agreed with “I think these laws are a good idea” (%) |
Bivariate OR (95% CI) |
Multivariable OR (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Household characteristics | |||
| Income | |||
| <$35,000 | 79/329 (24) | Ref | - |
| $35,000 – $74,999 | 95/467 (20) | 0.81 (0.58, 1.13) | - |
| ≥$75,000 | 147/705 (21) | 0.83 (0.61, 1.14) | - |
| Region | |||
| Northeast | 65/261 (25) | Ref | Ref |
| Midwest | 60/392 (15) | 0.54 (0.37, 0.81)** | 0.64 (0.42, 0.98)* |
| South | 113/497 (23) | 0.89 (0.63, 1.26) | 0.92 (0.62, 1.36) |
| West | 83/351 (24) | 0.93 (0.64, 1.36) | 0.88 (0.58, 1.33) |
| Resident of state that requires HPV vaccination for school attendance |
|||
| No | 306/1,458 (21) | Ref | Ref |
| Yes1 | 15/43 (35) | 2.01 (1.06, 3.82)* | 1.68 (0.81, 3.48) |
| Child characteristics | |||
| Sex | |||
| Male | 172/763 (23) | Ref | - |
| Female | 149/738 (20) | 0.87 (0.68, 1.11) | - |
| Age (years) | |||
| 11–12 | 93/420 (22) | Ref | - |
| 13–17 | 228/1081 (21) | 0.94 (0.72, 1.23) | - |
| HPV vaccination | |||
| 0 doses | 107/807 (13) | Ref | Ref |
| ≥1 dose | 214/694 (31) | 2.92 (2.25, 3.78)** | 1.33 (0.95, 1.86) |
| Parents’ characteristics and attitudes about HPV vaccine | |||
| Sex | |||
| Male | 151/666 (23) | Ref | - |
| Female | 170/835 (20) | 0.87 (0.68, 1.12) | - |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 198/1,056 (19) | Ref | Ref |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 31/134 (23) | 1.30 (0.85, 2.01) | 0.98 (0.61, 1.58) |
| Hispanic | 67/212 (32) | 2.00 (1.44, 2.78)** | 1.53 (1.05, 2.22)* |
| Other | 25/99 (25) | 1.46 (0.91, 2.36) | 1.16 (0.69, 1.98) |
| Education | |||
| High school degree or less | 125/574 (22) | Ref | - |
| Some college | 73/389 (19) | 0.83 (0.60, 1.15) | - |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher | 123/538 (23) | 1.06 (0.80, 1.41) | - |
| Psychological reactance | |||
| Low | 251/1,089 (23) | Ref | Ref |
| High | 70/412 (17) | 0.68 (0.51, 0.92)* | 0.99 (0.71, 1.37) |
| Has a doctor or other health care provider ever told your child should get the HPV vaccine? |
|||
| No | 114/721 (16) | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 207/780 (27) | 1.92 (1.49, 2.48)** | 1.13 (0.82, 1.55) |
| Relative importance of HPV vaccine compared to Tdap and meningococcal vaccines |
|||
| Less important | 74/736 (10) | Ref | Ref |
| As or more important | 247/765 (32) | 4.27 (3.21, 5.67)** | 2.76 (1.98, 3.83)** |
| The HPV vaccine might cause lasting health problems. | |||
| Disagree/neither | 279/1,153 (24) | Ref | Ref |
| Agree | 42/348 (12) | 0.43 (0.30, 0.61)** | 0.71 (0.47, 1.08) |
| The HPV vaccine is being pushed to make money for drug companies. |
|||
| Disagree/neither | 270/1,022 (26) | Ref | Ref |
| Agree | 51/479 (11) | 0.33 (0.24, 0.46)** | 0.47 (0.32, 0.69)** |
| I don’t have enough information about the HPV vaccine to decide whether to give it to my child. |
|||
| Disagree/neither | 247/1,022 (24) | Ref | Ref |
| Agree | 74/479 (16) | 0.57 (0.43, 0.76)** | 1.14 (0.80, 1.62) |
| The HPV vaccine is effective in preventing cervical cancer. |
|||
| Disagree/neither | 117/900 (13) | Ref | Ref |
| Agree | 204/601 (34) | 3.44 (2.66, 4.45)** | 2.55 (1.93, 3.37)** |
| It would be hard to find a provider or clinic where I can afford HPV vaccine for my child. |
|||
| Disagree/neither | 290/1,419 (20) | Ref | Ref |
| Agree | 31/82 (38) | 2.37 (1.49, 3.77)** | 2.50 (1.45, 4.33)** |
NOTE: HPV = Human papillomavirus; OR = Odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; Ref = Referent group. Dashes (−) indicate the variable was not included in the multivariable model because it was not statistically significant at the bivariate level.
1
Respondents from Virginia and Washington, DC. Rhode Island did not have a school-entry requirement at the time of data collection.
*
p < .05;
**
p < .01