Table 1.
Baseline Characteristic and Fasting Lipid Levels of 2062 Women Without a History of Fracture at Baseline in SWAN
| Characteristics | Total (n = 2062) | Non-Hispanic White (n = 977) | African-American (n = 591) | Japanese (n = 263) | Chinese (n = 231) | P Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Age at baseline, y | .015 | |||||
| 42–45 | 880 (43) | 435 (45) | 267 (45) | 92 (35) | 86 (37) | |
| 46–49 | 897 (43) | 399 (41) | 252 (43) | 130 (49) | 116 (50) | |
| 50–52 | 285 (14) | 143 (15) | 72 (12) | 41 (16) | 29 (13) | |
| Menopausal stage | <.001 | |||||
| Premenopause | 1123 (55) | 517 (54) | 299 (51) | 163 (63) | 144 (63) | |
| Early perimenopause | 914 (45) | 446 (46) | 287 (49) | 97 (37) | 84 (37) | |
| Hypertensionb | 540 (26) | 200 (21) | 245 (42) | 50 (19) | 45 (19) | <.001 |
| Diabetesc | 92 (4) | 37 (4) | 53 (9) | 0 | 2 (1) | <.001 |
| Tobacco smoking | <.001 | |||||
| Current smoker | 330 (16) | 147 (15) | 146 (25) | 32 (12) | 5 (2) | |
| Past smoker | 519 (25) | 311 (32) | 140 (24) | 28 (11) | 3 (1) | |
| Never smoker | 1211 (59) | 519 (53) | 305 (51) | 201 (76) | 223 (97) | |
| Any alcohol drinks, yes | 983 (48) | 572 (59) | 251 (42) | 113 (43) | 47 (19) | <.001 |
| Physical activity, time/mo | <.001 | |||||
| 0–1 (not active) | 842 (41) | 336 (35) | 312 (53) | 87 (33) | 107 (48) | |
| 2–3 | 864 (42) | 414 (43) | 226 (39) | 131 (50) | 93 (41) | |
| ≥4 | 331 (16) | 216 (22) | 45 (8) | 45 (17) | 25 (11) | |
| Bone-affecting medicationsd | 164 (8) | 65 (7) | 83 (14) | 7 (3) | 9 (4) | <.001 |
| Lipid-lowering medicationse | 21 (1) | 11 (1) | 8 (1) | 2 (1) | 9 (4) | .131 |
| Calcium or vitamin D supplement | 34 (2) | 17 (2) | 12 (2) | 4 (2) | 1 (0) | .315 |
| Characteristics | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26 (22–32) | 26 (23–31) | 30 (26–36) | 22 (20–25) | 22 (21–25) | <.001 |
| Weight, kg | 69 (58–85) | 71 (61–84) | 82 (69–98) | 55 (50–61) | 56 (51–63) | <.001 |
| hsCRP levels, mg/liter | 1.3 (0.5–4.2) | 1.4 (0.6–3.7) | 3.1 (1.0–7.7) | 0.5 (0.2–1.1) | 0.7 (0.4–1.6) | <.001 |
| BMD, g/cm2 | ||||||
| Total hip | 0.95 (0.86–1.06) | 0.95 (0.87–1.04) | 1.05 (0.95–1.14) | 0.88 (0.80–0.95) | 0.85 (0.78–0.92) | <0.001 |
| Lumbar spine | 1.08 (0.98–1.17) | 1.07 (0.98–1.15) | 1.14 (1.05–1.23) | 1.02 (0.94–1.09) | 1.04 (0.94–1.11) | <0.001 |
| Lipids, baseline, mg/dl | ||||||
| TC | 192 (171–215) | 192 (171–214) | 191 (168–217) | 196 (174–212) | 189 (171–208) | .626 |
| TG | 89 (66–128) | 89 (68–138) | 85 (63–121) | 94 (67–137) | 97 (68–128) | .018 |
| HDL-C | 55 (47–66) | 54 (46–64) | 53 (45–63) | 60 (51–69) | 60 (52–70) | <.001 |
| LDL-C | 114 (94–135) | 114 (95–135) | 117 (96–141) | 112 (91–130) | 105 (90–127) | <.001 |
a
P value: covariates distribution across racial/ethnic groups, using χ2 test (categorical variables) or Kruskal-Wallis test (continuous variables).
b
Hypertension: any use of antihypertensive medications, self-reported hypertension, or systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg.
c
Diabetes definition: fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dl, self-reported diabetes, or any use of insulin or antidiabetes agent.
d
Bone-affecting medications: corticosteroids, thiazide, bisphosphonates, calcitonin, or recombinant parathyroid hormone.
e
Lipid-lowering medications: statins, fibric acid, niacin, or bile acid resins.