Table 3.

Effect estimates of hypotheses tested in ESM data analysis

							95 % CI
Hypothesis	Outcome	Parameter		β	SE	p value	Lower		Upper
Effect of the intervention	Positive affect	Intercept		4.27	0.15	<0.001	3.97		4.57
		Intervention		0.91	0.21	<0.001	0.48		1.33
	Negative affect	Intercept		2.56	0.13	<0.001	2.29		2.82
		Intervention		−0.71	0.19	<0.001	−1.08		−0.34
	Mindfulness	Intercept		4.24	0.15	<0.001	3.94		4.54
		Intervention		0.98	0.21	<0.001	0.56		1.40
	Allowing	Intercept		5.06	0.16	<0.001	4.73		5.39
		Intervention		0.43	0.23	0.067	−0.03		0.90
Time-lagged analyses: effect of previous moment on following momentc	Positive affect	Intercept		1.39	0.12	<0.001	1.15		1.63
		Previous mindfulness		0.18	0.03	<0.001	0.12		0.25
		Previous positive affect		0.53	0.03	<0.001	0.47		0.60
		Interaction termsa				NS
	Negative affect	Intercept		1.62	0.23	<0.001	1.17		2.07
		Intervention		0.10	0.31	NS	−0.52		0.71
		Previous mindfulness		−0.14	0.04	<0.001	−0.21		−0.07
		Previous negative affect		0.59	0.04	<0.001	0.52		0.67
		Interaction termsb,d		−0.16	0.05	0.002	−0.27		−0.06
	Mindfulness	Intercept		1.75	0.13	<0.001	1.49		2.02
		Previous mindfulness		0.43	0.03	<0.001	0.36		0.49
		Previous positive affect		0.21	0.03	<0.001	0.14		0.27
		Interaction termsa				NS
	Mindfulness	Intercept		2.91	0.21	<0.001	2.50		3.31
		Previous mindfulness		0.48	0.03	<0.001	0.42		0.54
		Previous negative affect		−0.19	0.03	<0.001	−0.25		−0.12
		Interaction termsb				NS
Time-lagged analyses: effect of previous on following day	Positive affect	Intercept		2.18	0.64	0.001	0.90		3.47
		Mindfulness previous day		0.23	0.17	0.192	−0.12		0.58
		Positive affect previous day		0.36	0.19	0.060	−0.02		0.74
	Negative affect	Intercept		1.74	0.91	0.063	−0.10		3.58
		Mindfulness previous day		−0.11	0.13	0.411	−0.38		0.16
		Negative affect previous day		0.38	0.15	0.012	0.09		0.68
	Mindfulness	Intercept		3.50	0.53	0.005	1.91		5.09
		Mindfulness previous day		0.66	0.17	0.002	0.29		1.03
		Positive affect previous day		−0.36	0.12	0.027	−0.65		−0.06
	Mindfulness	Intercept		0.86	1.10	0.435	−1.30		3.02
		Mindfulness previous day		0.67	0.15	<0.001	0.31		1.03
		Negative affect previous day		0.41	0.13	0.002	0.15		0.67
Effect of extra days walking	Positive affect	Intercept		4.89	0.19	<0.001	4.51		5.27
		Day		0.12	0.04	0.011	0.03		0.20
	Negative affect	Intercept		2.04	0.16	<0.001	1.72		2.37
		Day		−0.04	0.04	0.286	−0.12		0.04
	Mindfulness	Intercept		4.92	0.16	<0.001	4.58		5.27
		Day		0.14	0.00	<0.001	0.14		0.14

95 % CI 95 % confidence interval, SE standard error, NS not statistically significant

^aInteraction terms positive affect: previous mindfulness × intervention, previous positive affect × intervention

^bInteraction terms negative affect: previous mindfulness × intervention, previous negative affect × intervention

^cInteraction with group condition was non-significant; therefore, data were collapsed across the control and intervention period

^dInteraction term intervention × previous negative affect was significant; therefore, split file on condition was performed