. 2016;18(2):73–89. doi: 10.3909/riu0713

Table 2.

Selected Studies on Procedural Techniques Impacting Infectious Complications Following TRUS-Bx

Study	Year	Sample Size	Methodology	Country	Standard Prophylaxis	Alternative Prophylaxis	Outcome Variables
Study	Year	Size	Methodology	Country	Standard Technique	Alternative Technique	Outcome Variables
Bennet HY et al⁵¹	2016	162,577	Meta-analysis	Multinational	TRUS-Bx	Transperineal prostate biopsy	Hospitalization, sepsis
Berger AP et al⁵⁵	2004	5957	Retrospective	Austria	6 or 10 biopsy cores	15 biopsy cores	Infectious complications (epididymitis, fever, hospitalization, mortality, prostatitis)
Bruyere F et al³⁸	2015	2718	Prospective	France	Antibiotics alone	Antibiotics plus enema	Infectious complications (fever with positive urine culture, LUTS)
Carey and Korman⁴¹	2001	448	Retrospective	United States	Antibiotics alone	Antibiotics plus enema	Infectious complications (epididymitis, hospitalization, prostatitis, UTI)
Carignan A et al⁶⁵	2012	5798	Retrospective	Canada	Antibiotics alone	Antibiotics plus enema	Infectious complications (not defined)
Grummet JP et al⁴⁷	2014	245	Prospective	Australia	No comparator	Transperineal prostate biopsy	Sepsis
Grummet JP et al⁴⁷	2014	6609	Systematic	review	Australia	No comparator	Transperineal prostate biopsy	Sepsis
Hsieh T-Y et al²⁵	2015	263	Retrospective	Taiwan	12–16 biopsy cores	10 biopsy cores	Infectious complications (chills, fever, macroscopic hematuria with blood clots, severe LUTS)
Hwang EC et al³⁶	2015	814	Retrospective	Korea	Antibiotics alone	Antibiotics plus povidone-iodine disinfection	FQ-resistant rectal culture. Infectious complications (fever, bacteremia, prostatitis, UTI, sepsis)

FQ, fluoroquinolone; LUTS, lower urinary tract symptoms; TRUS-Bx, transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy; UTI, urinary tract infection.