Table 2.
Comparison of pre and post intervention scores on outcome measures for the experimental group (N = 18)
| No | Variable | Pre-intervention | Post-intervention | t test t (df) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Total TRAB (mean, SD) [range of 0–42] | 29.6 (6.9) | 18.2 (8.6) | 5.18 (17) | <0.001* |
| 2 | SDQ (mean, SD) | ||||
| Emotional | 3.9 (1.5) | 4.6 (1.7) | −1.23 (17) | 0.24 | |
| Conduct | 6.17 (2.5) | 6.0 (3.4) | 0.24 (17) | 0.81 | |
| Hyperactivity | 5.9 (2.4) | 7.6 (4.9) | −1.40 (17) | 0.18 | |
| Peer problems | 5.5 (2.0) | 6.3 (2.7) | −1.05 (17) | 0.31 | |
| Total difficulties score [range of 0–40] | 21.5 (5.6) | 24.4 (7.8) | −1.35 (17) | 0.19 | |
| Prosocial | 7.7 (3.8) | 6.8 (3.9) | 1.76 (17) | 0.10 | |
| 3 | SRAS (mean, SD) [range of 0–14] | 8.7 (4.3) | 6.1 (4.9) | 2.47 (17) | 0.02* |
| 4 | ATAQ (mean, SD) [range of 19–76] | ||||
| Retaliation belief | 9.4 (3.3) | 5.8 (2.7) | 5.37 (17) | <0.001* | |
| General belief | 21.8 (5.5) | 17.2 (5.5) | 4.14 (17) | 0.001* | |
| Coping strategies | 16.8 (3.1) | 22.1 (2.8) | −4.42 (17) | <0.001* | |
| 5 | SCAS (mean, SD) [range of 0–28] | 16.2 (6.4) | 13.8 (5.3) | 1.79 (17) | 0.09 |
Two students dropped out
TRAB Teacher rating of aggressive behaviours (total maximum score = 42), SDQ Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (total maximum score = 40), SRAS Self rated aggression scale (total maximum score = 14), ATAQ Attitude towards aggression questionnaire (total maximum score = 76), SCAS Social cognition and attribution scale (total maximum score = 28)
* Data was statistically restricted with Bonferonni adjustment