Table 3.

Predictive Power of Neuropsychological Measures in Discriminating At-Risk ADHD vs. At-Risk Non-ADHD Children

Neuropsychological Measure	Sensitivity	Specificity	NPP	PPP	OPP	χ2	Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval for Odds Ratio	Cut-Off
Delay Aversion
Present a	0.55	0.66	0.64	0.57	0.61	7.41**	2.36	1.26 – 4.40	297
M&M'S® a	0.53	0.61	0.61	0.53	0.57	3.37†	1.78	0.95 – 3.33	5
Inhibition
NEPSY Statue b	0.62	0.56	0.65	0.53	0.59	5.42*	2.08	1.12 – 3.86	10
K-CPT Commission Errors b	0.45	0.62	0.58	0.49	0.54	1.06	1.32	0.71 – 2.44	54
Working Memory
NEPSY Sentence Repetition b	0.54	0.54	0.59	0.49	0.54	1.23	1.38	0.75 – 2.55	10
K-ABC Hand Movement a	0.53	0.58	0.60	0.51	0.55	1.85	1.52	0.82 – 2.83	9
McCarthy Numerical Memory a	0.66	0.49	0.64	0.50	0.56	3.51†	1.81	0.96 – 3.42	4
Attention
K-CPT Omission Errors b	0.55	0.64	0.64	0.55	0.60	6.37*	2.20	1.18 – 4.09	54
NEPSY Visual Attention b	0.45	0.63	0.59	0.49	0.55	0.95	1.36	0.73 – 2.55	10
Inhibition/Attention
K-CPT ADHD Confidence Index b	0.62	0.68	0.69	0.61	0.65	14.93***	3.44	1.82 – 6.50	53
Battery
Battery	0.65	0.69	0.71	0.63	0.67	19.52***	4.15	2.17 – 7.92	--
Battery + age 3ADHD Symptoms c	0.64	0.75	0.72	0.67	0.70	33.57	5.34	2.74 – 10.36	--

Note. PPP = positive predictive power, NPP = negative predictive power, OPP = overall predictive power, NEPSY = A Developmental NEuroPSYchological Assessment, K-CPT = Kiddie Continuous Performance Test, K-ABC = Kaufman-Assessment Battery for Children, DISC = Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children,

^ameasure was administered when children were 3 years old,

^bmeasure was administered when children were 4 years old,

^cincluded the battery and age 3 hyperactivity/impulsivity and inattention symptoms. Battery of measures included NEPSY Statue, Present, and CPT ADHD Confidence Index. For analyses, at-risk ADHD children were coded 0 and at-risk no-diagnosis children were coded 1.

^†p < .10,

^*p < .05,

^**p < .01,

^***p < .001