Table 1.
Study participants’ demographic and injury characteristics
| TBI-only | P-ADHD | S-ADHD | F-values/X2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| 6 Months post-injury | n = 98 | n = 26 | n = 17 | |
| Age of injury (years) | 10.20 (2.80) | 10.51 (2.85) | 9.69 (3.08) | 0.44 |
| Age of assessment (years) | 10.74 (2.80) | 11.07 (2.85) | 10.24 (3.09) | 0.44 |
| Gender (% male) | 64% | 92% | 58% | 8.41** |
| WASI Verbal IQ | 99.38 (16.68) | 95.24 (14.48) | 93.13 (15.66) | 1.35 |
| GCS | 10.66 (4.13) | 12.23 (3.68) | 9.53 (4.90) | 2.39 |
| SES | 39.73 (12.04) | 35.21 (13.00) | 30.76 (12.94) | 4.52** |
| Adaptive Behaviour Composite | 96.69 (14.21) | 87.65 (12.74) | 80.59 (19.68) | 10.82*** |
| Communication | 98.01 (12.70) | 90.81 (13.31) | 86.12 (18.26) | 7.27*** |
| Daily Living Skills | 97.38 (13.35) | 91.46 (11.40) | 84.82 (21.86) | 6.45**◆ |
| Socialization | 97.07 (13.32) | 89.58 (14.96) | 81.06 (18.64) | 10.35*** |
|
| ||||
| 12 Months Post-injury | n = 89 | n = 22 | n = 14 | |
|
| ||||
| Age of injury (years) | 9.98 (2.85) | 10.53 (2.71) | 9.29 (2.22) | 0.86 |
| Age of assessment (years) | 10.98 (2.81) | 11.62 (2.71) | 10.37 (2.17) | 0.94 |
| Gender (% male) | 58% | 91% | 64% | 9.52* |
| GCS | 10.67 (4.14) | 12.23 (3.84) | 9.93 (4.75) | 1.62 |
| SES | 38.73 (12.08) | 35.45 (14.00) | 31.68 (12.66) | 2.17 |
| Adaptive Behaviour Composite | 97.69 (14.10) | 86.41 (17.74) | 77.64 (18.47) | 12.51*** |
| Communication | 97.86 (13.15) | 88.68 (16.06) | 80.79 (19.65) | 9.88*** |
| Daily Living Skills | 98.47 (13.60) | 90.41 (16.61) | 86.93 (20.15) | 4.98**◆ |
| Socialization | 98.95 (12.15) | 88.14 (19.05) | 76.57 (20.08) | 15.85*** |
Note. Values are expressed as means (standard deviation) except where indicated. S-ADHD subtypes at 6 months: inattentive (n = 7), not otherwise specified (n = 6), combined (n = 3), and hyperactive/impulsive (n = 1); S-ADHD subtypes at 12 months: inattentive (n = 6), not otherwise specified (n = 5), combined (n = 1), and hyperactive/impulsive (n = 2). P-ADHD subtypes at 6 months: inattentive (n = 8), not otherwise specified (n = 6), combined (n = 8), and hyperactive/impulsive (n = 4); P-ADHD subtypes at 12 months: inattentive (n = 6), not otherwise specified (n = 6), combined (n = 7), and hyperactive/impulsive (n = 3).
< 0.05;
≤ 0.01;
≤ 0.001;
Significant omnibus result, but no significant pairwise comparisons.
WASI = Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence. GCS = Glasgow Coma Scale; SES = socioeconomic status,