. 2016 Aug 22;8(8):2581–2596. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evw180

Table 3.

Orthoclusters of Mouthparts-Upregulated Genes Common to All Five Heliconiine Species

Ortholog Cluster ID	Gene Name	Functional Description	Number of Paralogs Demonstrating Significant Upregulation in the Mouthparts of Each Species					Contigs in Each Cluster
Ortholog Cluster ID	Gene Name	Functional Description	E. isabella	H. melpomene	H. erato	H. sara	H. doris	Contigs in Each Cluster
OM000011	l(2)03659	Probable multidrug resistance-associated protein lethal(2)	^1^	^2^**	^*1^	^1^*	^1^	79
OM000014	FACR1	Fatty-acyl-CoA reductase (alcohol-forming) activity, ether lipid biosynthetic process	^3^	^*6^	^5^*	^3^**	^6^*	76
OM000015	CSP	Chemosensory protein	^2^*	^2^	^3^	^6^	^5^*	77
OM000022	Wwox	WW domain-containing oxidoreductase	^2^	^*1^*	^*1^	^*1^	^1^	66
OM000026	-	Aldo-keto reductase	^1^*	^4^	^2^*	^4^**	^4^	61
OM000035	-	UDP-glucuronosyltransferase	^2^	^1^*	^1^	^2^	^1^*	50
OM000040	-	Carbonyl reductase, NADPH activity	^1^	^*1^*	^1^*	^1^*	^1^	46
OM000051	CPR	Cuticular protein RR-1 family, chitin-based cuticle development	^1^	^2^*	^**2^	^6^**	^5^	44
OM000062	-	Elongase, elongation of very long chain fatty acids	^4^	^4^	^4^	^4^*	^3^	41
OM000102	Ddc	Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase, response to stimulus, behavior, growth, pigmentation, cognition	^1^	^1^	^1^	^1^	^1^*	25
OM000188	-	Lipase, lipid metabolism	^*2^	^2^	^2^	^*1^*	^2^*	18
OM000193	-	C2 domain transmembrane protein	^1^	^*1^*	^1^	^1^*	^1^*	15
OM000233 ^a	cocoonase	Trypsin-like serine protease, proteolysis	^*3^	^4^	^*1^*	^*3^	^*2^*	17
OM000238	-	Juvenile hormone binding protein	^2^	^2^	^2^*	^2^**	^2^*	16
OM000325	-	ABC transporter family G member	^3^	^*1^*	^2^	^2^*	^1^*	14
OM000556	CPR	Cuticular protein RR-1 family, chitin-based cuticle development	^1^	^3^	^*2^*	^*3^	^*3^*	11
OM000832	-	Seminal fluid protein HACP060	^1^	^1^	^1^	^1^	^1^	6
OM001210	-	Cellular retinaldehyde binding protein	^1^	^*1^*	^1^*	^1^*	^1^	8
OM001622	proboscipedia	Homeobox protein, proboscis development	^*1^*	^*1^*	^*1^*	^*1^*	^*1^*	6
OM001839	Pox neuro	Homeobox protein, nervous sytem development, adult feeding behavior, sensory organ development	^*1^*	^*1^*	^*1^*	^*1^*	^*1^*	6
OM002337	-	Monocarboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity	^1^*	^*1^*	^*1^*	^*1^*	^1^*	6
OM003749	-	Steroid dehydrogenase activity	^1^	^*1^*	^*1^*	^*1^*	^*1^	5
OM004900	CPR	Cuticular protein RR-3 family, chitin-based cuticle development	^1^*	^1^*	^1^**	^1^**	^1^*	5
OM005185	buffy	Regulation of cell death, cellular response to starvation	^1^	^1^*	^*1^	^1^	^*1^	5
OM007063	GPAT	Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, phospholipid metabolism	^1^	^1^*	^1^	^1^*	^1^	5

Note.—At least one gene per orthocluster was significantly upregulated in the mouthparts (FDR < 0.05, logFC >1) of all species. The number of significantly upregulated mouthparts genes belonging to each cluster is presented alongside cluster totals. Genes were named according to their closest Drosophila or insect homologs.

^a Paralog counts obtained from manual annotation, all other clusters from automated annotation (supplementary table S5, Supplementary Material online). Asterisks denote FDR (adjusted P-value) strength of upregulated genes in mouthparts to legs (left of number) and mouthparts to antennae (right of number) comparisons. Where more than one paralog is upregulated, the least significant FDRs are presented: *< 0.05, **< 1 × 10 ^{− 5}, ***< 1 × 10 ^{− 10}.