Table 2.

Mortality, length of stay, hospital charges per day, and total hospital charges attributable to healthcare-associated infections, 2009–2012 versus 2006–2008

	UTI		BSI		SSI		PNU
	Ba	P	Ba	P	Ba	P	Ba	P
Mortalityb	1.18	0.232	0.81	0.205	0.57	0.098	0.78	0.175
LOSc	−0.283	0.694	−2.841	0.007**	−1.231	0.501	−1.594	0.288
Charges per dayc,d	0.037	<0.001**	−0.023	0.081	−0.02	0.319	−0.024	0.175
Chargesc,d	0.023	0.227	−0.109	<0.001**	−0.04	0.369	−0.132	<0.001**

LOS, length of stay; UTI, urinary tract infection; BSI, bloodstream infection; SSI, surgical site infection; PNU, pneumonia.

Models control for infection status, case’s infecting organism and antimicrobial susceptibility; patient characteristics including age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index, Clinical Classifications Software (CCS) category, and admission hospital; history or presence of diabetes mellitus, malignancies, renal failure, chronic dermatitis, trauma, wound, transplant, burns, stay in skilled nursing facility, substance abuse, mechanical ventilation, intubation, and dialysis; number of days with central venous catheter, urinary catheter, intensive care unit stay, and receipt of high risk medication; and receipt of general anesthesia, operating room procedure, major procedure >30 minutes, venous catheter, and high-risk medication prior to infection (for cases) or day of match (for controls).

^aOdds ratios are reported for mortality models.

^bMultiple logistic regression

^cMultiple linear regression

^dDependent variable is natural log of total hospital charges or charges per day.

^**p<0.01