FIG. 7.

Matrix-specific endothelial activation by oscillatory flow. Endothelial cells on the fibronectin-rich provisional matrix show enhanced PAK-dependent NF-κB activation, proinflammatory gene expression, and permeability in response to oscillatory flow. Oscillatory flow activates PKA in endothelial cells attached to basement membrane proteins, leading to PAK suppression. Both matrices potentiate shear-induced Rac activation and NADPH oxidase (NOX)-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, potentially in concert with secreted bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2).