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. 2016 Sep 6;6:31921. doi: 10.1038/srep31921

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Copyright © 2016, The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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(a) Spiral phase plates with OAM l = −1. (b) Spiral phase plates with OAM mode l = +1. (c) Spiral phase plates with OAM mode l = +2. (d) The prototype of the transmitting antenna to generate the rotational OAM wave. (e) Schematic of the transmission with the rotational OAM wave.