Table 2.
Prognostic factors related with overall survival (OS), locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS), and disease-free survival (DFS)
| OS | LRFS | DFS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate | |
| (No. of patients) | 5-year rate (%) | p-value | 5-year rate (%) | p-value | 5-year rate (%) | p-value |
| Sex | n-s | n-s | n-s | |||
| Male (57) | 94.4 | 92.6 | 90.9 | |||
| Female (26) | 95.8 | 87.6 | 87.6 | |||
| Age | n-s | n-s | n-s | |||
| < 70 (58) | 98.2a | 94.8 | 93.1 | |||
| ≥ 70 (25) | 86.4 | 81.0 | 81.0 | |||
| Location from anal verge | n-s | n-s | n-s | |||
| < 5 cm (33) | 96.7 | 93.6 | 90.7 | |||
| ≥ 5 cm (50) | 93.7 | 89.4 | 89.4 | |||
| CEA level | n-s | n-s | n-s | |||
| < 3 ng/ml (49) | 100 | 95.6 | 93.6 | |||
| ≥ 3 ng/ml (34)b | 87.0 | 84.0 | 84.3 | |||
| Tumor size | n-s | n-s | n-s | |||
| < 3 cm (62) | 94.9 | 89.7 | 88.1 | |||
| ≥ 3 cm (21) | 94.7 | 94.7 | 94.7 | |||
| T-stage | n-s | n-s | 0.027 (HR: 4.8, 95 % CI: 1.2–19.1) | |||
| 1 (68) | 95.2 | 93.7 | 93.8a | |||
| 2 (15) | 93.3 | 80.0 | 73.3 | |||
| Resection margin | n-s | n-s | n-s | |||
| > 3 mm (3) | 100 | 100 | 100 | |||
| ≤ 3 mm (22) | 95.5 | 86.4 | 81.8 | |||
| Unknown (58) | 94.3 | 92.1 | 92.1 | |||
| LVI | n-s | n-s | n-s | |||
| No (41) | 92.1 | 87.1 | 84.9 | |||
| Yes (13) | 92.3 | 83.9 | 83.9 | |||
| Unknown (29) | 100 | 100 | 100 | |||
| Local excision | n-s | n-s | n-s | |||
| EMR or ESD (26) | 92.0 | 88.1 | 88.1 | |||
| TAE (57) | 96.2 | 92.2 | 90.5 | |||
| Radiation dose | n-s | n-s | n-s | |||
| > 50.4 Gy (8) | 100 | 100 | 100 | |||
| ≤ 50.4 Gy (75) | 94.3 | 90.0 | 88.7 | |||
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | n-s | n-s | n-s | |||
| Yes (14) | 100 | 92.9 | 92.9 | |||
| No (69) | 93.9 | 90.7 | 89.3 | |||
N-S not significant, LVI lymphovascular invasion, EMR endoscopic mucosal resection, ESD endoscopic submucosal dissection, TAE transanal excision, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, astatistically significant in univariate analysis, b Nine patients of unknown CEA level were included in this subgroup