Table 1.
Comparison of general characteristics of patients with and without acute respiratory distress syndrome
| Characteristics | No ARDS | ARDS | p a |
|---|---|---|---|
| African Americans | |||
| Age (years), median (range) | 2.1 (14 days to 18.9) | 5.9 (25 days to 17.9) | 0.19 |
| Gender, n (%) male | 230 (52) | 19 (66) | 0.15 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| Asthma | 94 (21) | 3 (10) | 0.16 |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasiab | 9 (2) | 1 (3) | 0.47 |
| Neurological disordersc | 31 (7) | 5 (17) | 0.06 |
| Sickle cell disease | 54 (12) | 3 (10) | >0.99 |
| Mortality, n (%) | 0 (0) | 3 (10) | <0.001 |
| Admitted to hospital, n (%) | 274 (62) | 29 (100) | <0.001 |
| Admitted to PICU, n (%) | 15 (3) | 29 (100) | <0.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 14 (3) | 29 (100) | <0.001 |
| Hospital length of stayd, median (range) | 2 (0–19) | 22 (6–101) | <0.001 |
| PaO2/FiO2, n (%) | |||
| ≤ 100 | na | 16 (55) | - |
| 101 – ≤ 200 | na | 8 (28) | - |
| 201 – ≤ 300 | na | 5 (17) | - |
| Non-Hispanic Caucasians | |||
| Age (years), median (range) | 3.7 (18 days to 17.8) | 9.6 (63 days to 17.9) | <0.001 |
| Gender, n (%) male | 151 (56) | 14 (44) | 0.21 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| Asthma | 44 (16) | 2 (6) | 0.19 |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasiab | 6 (2) | 0 (0) | >0.99 |
| Neurological disordersc | 19 (7) | 5 (16) | 0.15 |
| Mortality, n (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (6) | 0.01 |
| Admitted to hospital, n (%) | 209 (77) | 32 (100) | <0.001 |
| Admitted to PICU, n (%) | 17 (6) | 32 (100) | <0.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 12 (4) | 30 (94) | <0.001 |
| Hospital length of stayd, median (range) | 3 (0–69) | 17 (6–126) | <0.001 |
| PaO2/FiO2, n (%) | |||
| ≤ 100 | na | 14 (44) | - |
| 101 – ≤ 200 | na | 14 (44) | - |
| 201 – ≤ 300 | na | 4 (12) | - |
a p value determined by Mann–Whitney test (age, hospital length of stay) or chi-square test or Fisher’s Exact test (others); bhistory of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (no subjects were on oxygen therapy at home); cneurological disorders included seizures and/or developmental delay; dhospital length of stay in days was calculated for survivors. n = 474 for African Americans and 304 for non-Hispanic Caucasians. ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, PICU pediatric intensive care unit, PaO 2 /FiO 2 partial pressure of oxygen/inspired oxygen fraction, na not available