eTable 5. Dispositional risk factors, in order of relative significance.
| Risk factor | Relative significance | Studies on patients with ‧conservative treatment | Studies on patients treated with surgical treatment | Studies on general ‧population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Previous DVT/PE | High | (e2– e4) | (e5– e7) | (e8, e9) |
| Hereditary thrombophilic ‧defects*2 | Type-specific low to high | (e10– e12) | (e9, e13– e15) | (e9, e12, e16– e21, e31) |
| Malignant disease*3 | Moderate to high*1 | (e3, e10, e22– e26) | (e6, e27, e28) | (e8, e23, e29, e30) |
| Advanced age (over 60 years, risk increases with age) | Moderate*1 | (e2– e4, e24) | (e14, e28, e31– 35) | (e8, e29, e30) |
| VTE in first-degree relative | Moderate | Can be helpful with regard to the identification of hereditary thrombophilic defects. | ||
| Chronic heart failure, status post myocardial infarction*3 | Moderate*1 | (e3, e4, e23, e24) | (e7, e28, e36) | (e7, e23, e29, e30, e37, e38) |
| Overweight (BMI >30 kg/m2) | Moderate*1 | (e12, e39, e40) | (e5, e14, e40– e43) | (e9, e39, e44– e48) |
| Acute infections/inflammatory diseases with immobiliza‧tion*3 | Moderate*1 | (e2) | (e36) | – |
| Treatment with or inhibition of sexual hormones (for contraception, postmenopausal, for cancer treatment) | Substance-specific low to high | (e12, e39) | (e49) | (e9, e12, e39, e47– e52) |
| Pregnancy and postpartum‧‧ period | Low | (e25) | – | (e38, e53) |
| Nephrotic syndrome | Low | (e54– e56) | (e54) | – |
| Severe varicosis | Low | (e4, e25, e57) | (e7, e28, e58, e59) | (e8, e30) |
*1For these associations, continuous risk–effect relationships were demonstrated.
*2e.g. antiphospholipid syndrome; antithrombin III, protein C and protein S deficiency; APC resistance/factor V Leiden mutation; thrombophilic prothrombin polymorphism
*3These dispositional risk factors can also occur/be regarded as expositional risk factors. DVT, deep vein thrombosis; PE, pulmonary embolism; VTE, venous thromboembolism; BMI, body mass index