Table 4. Best fitted models obtained when the diquat × CAR interaction is removed at P > 0.10 after a backward stepwise procedure (see Methods).
Heart MDA and fat tocopherol did not maintain any term (all P > 0.10).
| Dependent variable | Terms in the model | Slope | SE | F | df | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eye rings redness | Carotenoid | 25.55 | 3,154 | <0.001 | ||
| Total brightness | −0.00004 | 0.00002 | 7.71 | 1,155 | 0.006 | |
| Eye ring redness in day 48 | 0.286 | 0.064 | 19.99 | 1,155 | <0.001 | |
| Eye ring tocopherol | 0.023 | 0.012 | 6.72 | 1,154 | 0.011 | |
| Eggs during diquat experiment | −0.002 | 0.001 | 6.21 | 1,155 | 0.014 | |
| Bill redness | Carotenoid | 16.22 | 385.7 | <0.001 | ||
| Diquat | 4.46 | 177.9 | 0.038 | |||
| Total brightness | −0.0001 | 0.00003 | 22.32 | 1,150 | <0.001 | |
| Bill redness in day 48 | 0.163 | 0.054 | 9.1 | 1,141 | 0.003 | |
| Bill tocopherol | 0.045 | 0.013 | 11.6 | 1,132 | <0.001 | |
| Liver vitamin A | 0.0008 | 0.0004 | 4.26 | 1,141 | 0.041 | |
| Leg redness | Carotenoid | 10.86 | 377.2 | <0.001 | ||
| Sex | 2.86 | 180.3 | 0.095 | |||
| Red chip | 1.035 | 0.217 | 22.83 | 127.4 | <0.001 | |
| Leg redness in day 48 | 0.58 | 0.064 | 81.19 | 1,147 | <0.001 | |
| Leg tocopherol | 3.022 | 0.589 | 26.36 | 1,146 | <0.001 | |
| Liver tocopherol | −1.78 | 0.523 | 11.59 | 1,147 | <0.001 | |
| Total papilioerythrinone in the eye rings | Carotenoid | 25.34 | 3,153 | <0.001 | ||
| Sex | 15.53 | 1,156 | <0.001 | |||
| Tocopherol in the eye ring | 0.953 | 0.14 | 46.43 | 1,158 | <0.001 | |
| Eggs (total) | −0.009 | 0.004 | 5.43 | 1,153 | 0.021 | |
| Total papilioerythrinone in the bill | Carotenoid | 131.19 | 368.3 | <0.001 | ||
| Sex | 2.9 | 176.3 | 0.092 | |||
| Tocopherol in the bill | 1.564 | 0.129 | 147.34 | 1,142 | <0.001 | |
| Plasma retinol | −9.038 | 4.666 | 3.75 | 1,145 | 0.055 | |
| Eggs (total) | −0.009 | 0.003 | 8.37 | 177.9 | 0.005 | |
| Total astaxanthin in the legs | Carotenoid | 9.4 | 377.9 | <0.001 | ||
| Sex | 10.56 | 187 | 0.002 | |||
| Tocopherol in the legs | 0.564 | 0.081 | 48.28 | 1,159 | <0.001 | |
| Total papilioerythrinone in the legs | Carotenoid | 5.24 | 384.2 | 0.002 | ||
| Sex | 7.39 | 186.3 | 0.008 | |||
| Tocopherol in the legs | 0.866 | 0.139 | 38.79 | 1,152 | <0.001 | |
| Tocopherol in the legs | Carotenoid | 3.97 | 385.7 | 0.011 | ||
| Sex | 5.74 | 189.2 | 0.019 | |||
| Eggs (total) | −0.004 | 0.002 | 4.93 | 185.4 | 0.029 | |
| Plasma zeaxanthin | Carotenoid | 322.78 | 3,150 | <0.001 | ||
| Zeaxanthin in day 48 | 0.31 | 0.07 | 19.6 | 3,150 | <0.001 | |
| Plasma tocopherol | 0.561 | 0.038 | 217.91 | 3,150 | <0.001 | |
| Fat tocopherol | −0.038 | 0.013 | 8.72 | 3,150 | 0.004 | |
| Liver vitamin A | 0.002 | 0.001 | 5.35 | 3,150 | 0.022 | |
| Eggs during diquat experiment | −0.004 | 0.002 | 4.06 | 3,150 | 0.046 | |
| Plasma tocopherol | Carotenoid | 5.78 | 398.2 | 0.001 | ||
| Diquat | 4.26 | 186.9 | 0.042 | |||
| Tocopherol in day 48 | 0.19 | 0.066 | 8.32 | 1,144 | 0.005 | |
| Liver vitamin A | −0.003 | 0.001 | 2.89 | 1,147 | 0.091 | |
| Fat retinol | 0.034 | 0.016 | 4.81 | 1,147 | 0.029 | |
| Plasma retinol | Plasma tocopherol | 5.608 | 2.058 | 7.43 | 1,153 | 0.007 |
| Eggs during diquat experiment | −0.278 | 0.112 | 6.18 | 178 | 0.015 | |
| Liver lutein | Carotenoid | 130.26 | 3,161 | <0.001 | ||
| Plasma tocopherol | 0.071 | 0.035 | 3.98 | 1,161 | 0.048 | |
| Liver tocopherol | 0.263 | 0.028 | 87 | 1,161 | <0.001 | |
| Liver vitamin A | Carotenoid | 59.87 | 3,157 | <0.001 | ||
| Sex | 23.03 | 1,159 | <0.001 | |||
| Plasma tocopherol | −11.396 | 3.947 | 8.34 | 1,157 | 0.004 | |
| Liver tocopherol | 9.738 | 3.418 | 8.12 | 158 | 0.006 | |
| Total number of eggs | −0.396 | 0.069 | 32.78 | 1,157 | <0.001 | |
| Fat lutein | Carotenoid | 13.3 | 3,156 | <0.001 | ||
| Fat tocopherol | 1.29 | 0.175 | 54.41 | 1,153 | <0.001 | |
| Liver vitamin A | 0.02 | 0.01 | 4.42 | 1,157 | 0.037 | |
| Plasma retinol | −0.036 | 0.016 | 5.34 | 1,156 | 0.022 | |
| Fat retinol | 0.271 | 0.084 | 10.44 | 1,157 | 0.002 | |
| Fat zeaxanthin | Carotenoid | 46.81 | 3,163 | <0.001 | ||
| Fat tocopherol | 0.952 | 0.143 | 44.45 | 1,146 | <0.001 | |
| Liver vitamin A | 0.018 | 0.008 | 5.32 | 1,162 | 0.022 | |
| Fat retinol | 0.208 | 0.069 | 9.03 | 1,163 | 0.003 | |
| Fat retinol | Carotenoid | 35.37 | 3,167 | <0.001 | ||
| Total number of eggs | −0.026 | 0.01 | 8.62 | 1,165 | 0.004 | |
| Plasma TRG-corrected MDA | Diquat | 7.04 | 1,145 | 0.009 | ||
| sex | 5.13 | 1,147 | 0.025 | |||
| Diquat × sex | 4.66 | 1,145 | 0.033 | |||
| TRG-corrected MDA in day 48 | 2.366 | 0.739 | 10.26 | 1,144 | 0.002 | |
| Triglycerides | 0.004 | 0.001 | 38.25 | 1,146 | <0.001 | |
| Eggs during diquat experiment | 0.136 | 0.043 | 10.17 | 1,146 | 0.002 | |
| Resistance to oxidative stress in erythrocytes | Diquat | 5.64 | 167.4 | 0.02 | ||
| Lag time | −0.242 | 0.034 | 49.91 | 1,128 | <0.001 |