Table 2.

Cognitive profile of the participants.

Cognitive functions	Tasks	Alcoholic patients	Normal controls	p
Intellectual abilities (WAIS III subtests) a
Verbal intelligence	Information	6.47 ± 3.04	9.44 ± 3.03	0.008b
Abstract reasoning	Matrix reasoning	7.77 ± 2.36	10.87 ± 2.55	<0.001b
Global cognitive functioning
General cognitive functioning	MMSE	27.88 ± 1.73	28.56 ± 1.15	0.20
Episodic memory
Learning and retrieval	FSCRT sum of the three free recalls	29.00 ± 8.05	33.44 ± 5.33	0.07
Long-term retrieval	FSCRT delayed free recall	10.59 ± 3.45	12.81 ± 2.23	0.04b
Working memory (MEM-III subtests) a
Visuospatial working memory	Sum of forward and backward spans	8.29 ± 2.93	10.81 ± 1.83	0.006b
Executive functions
Categorization	MCST number of categories	5.29 ± 1.16	5.94 ± 0.25	0.04b
Flexibility	MCST number of perseverative responses	2.94 ± 3.53	0.81 ± 1.28	0.03b
Ataxia
Balance	Stand on one foot (/8 points)	2.56 ± 2.25	4.81 ± 1.90	0.004b

FSCRT: Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test; MCST: Modified Card Sorting Test.

Data are shown as means ± standard deviation.

^aStandard score.

^bSignificant difference between alcoholic patients and control participants at p < 0.05 (t-tests).