Table 2.
Adjusted odds ratios of inadequate sleep (defined as 0-6 days per week of not getting enough sleep) according to socio-demographic characteristics by children’s age groups for all years of the National Survey of Children’s Health (2003, 2007, 2011) (n = 186,249)
| 6-9 years (n = 55,282) |
10-13 years (n = 60,573) |
14-17 years (n = 70,394) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Variables | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) |
|
| |||
| Year | |||
| 2003 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2007 | 1.25 (1.13-1.38) | 1.28 (1.17-1.40) | 1.28 (1.18-1.39) |
| 2011 | 1.89 (1.73-2.07) | 1.76 (1.62-1.91) | 1.50 (1.39-1.63) |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Female | 1.04 (0.96-1.13) | 1.05 (0.97-1.12) | 1.03 (0.96-1.10) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| White | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Hispanic | 0.81 (0.71-0.94) | 0.75 (0.66-0.86) | 0.69 (0.60-0.79) |
| Black | 0.98 (0.86-1.11) | 0.82 (0.73-0.91) | 0.76 (0.68-0.85) |
| Other/Multiple race | 0.78 (0.66-0.91) | 0.74 (0.64-0.86) | 0.89 (0.77-1.03) |
| Highest education in household | |||
| < High school | 1.19 (0.96-1.47) | 1.24 (1.03-1.48) | 0.86 (0.72-1.02) |
| High school | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| > High school | 1.07 (0.95-1.19) | 1.22 (1.11-1.35) | 1.19 (1.09-1.31) |
| Household poverty level | |||
| 0-99% FPL | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 100-199% FPL | 1.00 (0.85-1.16) | 1.20 (1.05-1.39) | 1.09 (0.95-1.25) |
| 200-299% FPL | 1.12 (0.93-1.35) | 1.21 (1.03-1.41) | 1.09 (0.94-1.27) |
| 300-399% FPL | 1.02 (0.85-1.22) | 1.35 (1.13-1.60) | 1.28 (1.09-1.50) |
| 400%+ FPL | 1.12 (0.94-1.33) | 1.34 (1.15-1.58) | 1.37 (1.18-1.59) |
| Insurance status | |||
| None | 1.01 (0.82-1.25) | 1.02 (0.87-1.21) | 1.03 (0.87-1.20) |
| Medicaid/CHIP | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Private | 1.17 (1.03-1.32) | 1.18 (1.05-1.33) | 1.21 (1.08-1.35) |
| Anyone in household employed at least 50 weeks |
|||
| No | 1.00 (0.86-1.15) | 0.95 (0.83-1.08) | 1.11 (0.98-1.26) |
| Yes | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Family structure | |||
| Two parent | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Single mother | 1.18 (1.05-1.32) | 1.34 (1.21-1.48) | 1.15 (1.05-1.27) |
| Other family types | 0.97 (0.77-1.21) | 1.09 (0.93-1.28) | 0.83 (0.71-0.96) |
| Perceived safety | |||
| Safe | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Unsafe | 1.02 (0.89-1.16) | 1.35 (1.19-1.54) | 1.07 (0.94-1.21) |
| Neighbors watch out for other’s children |
|||
| Yes | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| No | 1.26 (1.09-1.47) | 1.20 (1.06-1.37) | 1.13 (1.00-1.28) |
CI, confidence interval; FPL, Federal Poverty Level; OR, odds ratio Significant findings are in bold.
a
Models are mutually adjusted for all covariates