Table 5.
Asymmetric Synthesis of E-Ketene Heterodimers.a

| entry (+)/(−)-3b | catalyst | R1 | R2 | R3 | % yield | % eec | Z:E d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 (+)-3p | TMSQ | Me | Et | Ph | 56 | 85 | 16:84 |
| 2 (−)-3p | MeQd | Me | Et | Ph | 57 | 94 | 13:87 |
| 3e (+)-3q | TMSQ | Me | n-Bu | Ph | 69 | 84 | 24:76 |
| 4e (−)-3q | MeQd | Me | n-Bu | Ph | 78 | 92 | 26:74 |
| 5 (+)-3r | TMSQ | Me | i-Bu | Ph | 78 | 96 | 4:96 |
| 6 (−)-3r | MeQd | Me | i-Bu | Ph | 83 | 98 | 3:97 |
| 7 (+)-3s | TMSQ | Et | Et | Ph | 86 | 93 | 26:74 |
| 8 (−)-3s | MeQd | Et | Et | Ph | 86 | 88 | 24:76 |
| 9e (−)-3t | TMSQ | Et | i-Bu | Ph | 76 | 97 | 6:94 |
| 10e (+)-3t | MeQd | Et | i-Bu | Ph | 88 | 98 | 5:95 |
Only one heterodimer regioisomer observed in all cases by GC-MS analysis of crudes and NMR analysis of 3.
Sign of specific rotation; (+)-enantiomer or (−)-enantiomer.
ee determined by chiral HPLC.
Z:E ratio determined by GC-MS analysis of crudes and confirmed by 1H NMR analysis.
In these cases 1 equiv of LiClO4 was used as an additive.