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. 2016 Sep 7;7:1434. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01434

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Copyright © 2016 Zhao and Shaw.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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β-galactosidase activities of promoters PascN(A) and PexsD(B) in A. hydrophila AH3R wild type and mutant backgrounds. The promoter activities were measured when each strain was grown in LB broth to log phase at 30°C with shaking at 200 rpm. The promoter activities of PascN and PexsD were significantly decreased in the exsA (A-) mutant and exsC (C-) mutant when compared to the promoter activities in exsD (D-) mutant and exsE (E-) mutant (p < 0.001). Also, the promoter activities in the wild type strain were significantly lower than both the exsD mutant and the exsE mutant strains (p < 0.001). Assays were carried out in triplicate and the values are the means. The error bars showed Standard Error of the Mean (SEM). The graph was created using GraphPad Prism 5. The significance was determined using Student’s t-test (^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001).