Table 2.
Predictors of exception reporting (at least one exception code within each year and patient); logistic regression analyses on ONS linked data from 357 practices
| OR (99% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| All reasons*† | Clinical contraindication‡ | Informed dissent§ | |
| QOF year | |||
| 2006/2007 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| 2007/2008 | 1.03 (1.02 to 1.05) | 0.93 (0.91 to 0.95) | 1.14 (1.12 to 1.16) |
| 2008/2009 | 0.99 (0.97 to 1.00) | 0.91 (0.90 to 0.93) | 1.08 (1.06 to 1.10) |
| 2009/2010 | 1.09 (1.08 to 1.11) | 1.021 (1.00 to 1.04) | 1.18 (1.16 to 1.21) |
| 2010/2011 | 1.30 (1.28 to 1.32) | 1.15 (1.12 to 1.17) | 1.44 (1.41 to 1.47) |
| 2011/2012 | 1.27 (1.24 to 1.29) | 1.15 (1.13 to 1.18) | 1.34 (1.32 to 1.37) |
| List size | |||
| Per 1000 increase | 1.01 (1.01 to 1.01) | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.00) | 1.02 (1.02 to 1.03) |
| English region | |||
| North East | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| North West | 1.01 (0.95 to 1.08) | 1.58 (1.45 to 1.72) | 0.70 (0.65 to 0.74) |
| Yorkshire and The Humber | 0.62 (0.58 to 0.67) | 0.93 (0.85 to 1.03) | 0.51 (0.47 to 0.55) |
| East Midlands | 1.10 (1.02 to 1.19) | 1.55 (1.40 to 1.72) | 0.87 (0.81 to 0.95) |
| West Midlands | 0.66 (0.62 to 0.70) | 1.04 (0.95 to 1.13) | 0.47 (0.44 to 0.50) |
| East of England | 1.06 (0.99 to 1.13) | 1.95 (1.79 to 2.13) | 0.61 (0.57 to 0.65) |
| South West | 1.07 (1.00 to 1.14) | 1.88 (1.72 to 2.05) | 0.65 (0.61 to 0.69) |
| South Central | 0.84 (0.78 to 0.89) | 1.27 (1.16 to 1.39) | 0.62 (0.57 to 0.66) |
| London | 0.64 (0.60 to 0.68) | 0.94 (0.86 to 1.03) | 0.52 (0.48 to 0.55) |
| South East Coast | 0.68 (0.63 to 0.73) | 0.96 (0.88 to 1.05) | 0.57 (0.54 to 0.61) |
| Practice deprivation quintile | |||
| 1 (least deprived) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| 2 | 1.31 (1.27 to 1.36) | 1.62 (1.56 to 1.69) | 1.04 (1.00 to 1.07) |
| 3 | 1.55 (1.50 to 1.61) | 1.84 (1.76 to 1.92) | 1.17 (1.13 to 1.22) |
| 4 | 1.28 (1.24 to 1.33) | 1.51 (1.44 to 1.57) | 1.04 (1.01 to 1.08) |
| 5 | 1.33 (1.28 to 1.38) | 1.40 (1.34 to 1.47) | 1.19 (1.15 to 1.24) |
| Gender | |||
| Female | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Male | 1.01 (0.99 to 1.03) | 0.90 (0.88 to 0.92) | 1.08 (1.06 to 1.10) |
| Age | |||
| Per 1-year increase | 1.02 (1.02 to 1.03) | 1.04 (1.03 to 1.04) | 1.02 (1.01 to 1.02) |
| Patient deprivation quintile | |||
| 1 (least deprived) | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| 2 | 1.06 (1.03 to 1.09) | 1.12 (1.08 to 1.16) | 1.00 (0.97 to 1.03) |
| 3 | 1.10 (1.07 to 1.13) | 1.10 (1.06 to 1.15) | 1.10 (1.06 to 1.13) |
| 4 | 1.15 (1.11 to 1.19) | 1.14 (1.10 to 1.19) | 1.16 (1.12 to 1.20) |
| 5 | 1.16 (1.12 to 1.20) | 1.29 (1.24 to 1.35) | 1.07 (1.03 to 1.12) |
| Conditions¶ | |||
| Atrial fibrillation | 3.11 (3.00 to 3.22) | 5.33 (5.11 to 5.56) | 1.06 (1.02 to 1.11) |
| Asthma | 4.97 (4.86 to 5.09) | 2.85 (2.77 to 2.93) | 4.58 (4.47 to 4.69) |
| Hypertension | 1.47 (1.44 to 1.50) | 1.71 (1.67 to 1.76) | 1.15 (1.13 to 1.18) |
| Cancer | 0.96 (0.93 to 0.99) | 1.18 (1.14 to 1.22) | 0.80 (0.78 to 0.83) |
| Coronary heart disease | 9.82 (9.54 to 10.11) | 23.71 (22.87 to 24.58) | 2.20 (2.14 to 2.27) |
| Heart failure | 1.83 (1.74 to 1.92) | 2.54 (2.40 to 2.70) | 0.98 (0.93 to 1.03) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 1.82 (1.78 to 1.87) | 2.43 (2.36 to 2.51) | 1.08 (1.05 to 1.11) |
| COPD | 5.84 (5.63 to 6.07) | 9.20 (8.78 to 9.64) | 2.24 (2.15 to 2.33) |
| Dementia | 2.24 (2.13 to 2.37) | 3.25 (3.04 to 3.46) | 1.02 (0.96 to 1.09) |
| Depression | 0.94 (0.92 to 0.96) | 1.81 (1.76 to 1.85) | 0.52 (0.51 to 0.53) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 6.35 (6.20 to 6.51) | 5.06 (4.91 to 5.22) | 5.38 (5.25 to 5.52) |
| Epilepsy | 5.30 (5.01 to 5.60) | 11.76 (11.00 to 12.59) | 1.37 (1.29 to 1.47) |
| Learning disability | 1.10 (1.00 to 1.22) | 1.75 (1.54 to 1.99) | 0.66 (0.58 to 0.75) |
| Severe mental illness | 4.38 (4.17 to 4.60) | 4.42 (4.15 to 4.70) | 2.83 (2.68 to 2.98) |
| Stroke | 3.61 (3.48 to 3.73) | 3.84 (3.68 to 4.01) | 2.44 (2.35 to 2.53) |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.87 (0.84 to 0.90) | 0.93 (0.89 to 0.96) | 0.84 (0.81 to 0.87) |
*Clinical contraindication, informed dissent or reason unknown. Logistical exceptions were not included in analyses.
†No of observations=5 787 456, No of subjects=1 414 897, Log likelihood=−1 869 483, Wald χ2=224 393.
‡No of observations=5 787 456, No of subjects=1 414 897, Log likelihood=−1 211 443, Wald χ2=223 723.
§No of observations=5 787 456, No of subjects=1 414 897, Log likelihood=−1 249 265, Wald χ2=87 458.
¶Reference: patients without the specific condition, but with one or more other study conditions.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ONS, Office of National Statistics; QOF, Quality and Outcomes Framework.