Table 2.
Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the serum and adipose tissues.
| Parameters | SS | SD | TS | TD |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNFα (pg.mL−1) serum | 9.92 ± 3.25 | 37.81 ± 7.27** | 11.30 ± 3.64 | 13.20 ± 3.24## |
| MCP-1 (pg.mL−1) serum | 123.5 ± 25.09 | 113.0 ± 13.66 | 137.2 ± 25.66 | 87.04 ± 22.61 |
| TNFα (pg.mL−1) epididymal fat | 335.3 ± 71.18 | 1143.0 ± 15.3*** | 383.0 ± 18.5 | 351.8 ± 81.13### |
| MCP-1 (pg.mL−1) epididymal fat | 70.79 ± 15.01 | 195.2 ± 14.73*** | 79.30 ± 16.77 | 67.89 ± 9.02### |
| TNFα (pg.mL−1) periaortic fat | 1541.0 ± 191.6 | 1515.0 ± 32.4 | 1019.0 ± 30.2 | 1498.5 ± 84.5 |
| MCP-1 (pg.mL−1) periaortic fat | 58.30 ± 8.11 | 48.81 ± 7.19 | 43.25 ± 8.26 | 56.08 ± 11.39 |
SS, sedentary + standard chow group; SD, sedentary + high-sugar diet group; TS, trained + standard chow group; TD, trained + high-sugar diet group. *SS × SD; #SD × TD.
**
p < 0.01,
***
p < 0.001;
##
p < 0.01, and
###
p < 0.001; one-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, n = 8 animals per group.