Table I.
Characteristics of included studies
| Study (yr) | Patients (n, yrs) |
Surgical approach | The intervention of combination group |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Combination | IV | IA | Placebo | Pre-operative | Intra-operative | Post-operative | ||
| Cui and Wu17 | 73 (NR) | — | — | 73 (NR) | medial parapatellar | 2 g TXA IV | 2 g TXA IA | — |
| Huang et al18 | 92 (65) | 43 (65) | — | — | medial parapatellar | — | 1.5 g TXA IA | 1.5 g TXA IV |
| Jain et al16 | 59 (68) | 60 (70) | — | — | minimally invasive subvastus | 15 mg/kg TXA IV | 2 g TXA IA | 10 mg/kg TXA IV |
| Karaaslan et al15 | 41 (66) | — | — | 40 (66) | medial parapatellar | 15 mg/kg TXA IV | 3 g TXA IA | 10 mg/kg TXA IV |
| Lin et al14 | 40 (75) | — | 40 (83) | 40 (88) | medial parapatellar | 1 g TXA IV | 1 g TXA IA | — |
| Liu et al13 | 25 (NR) | 25(NR) | 25 (NR) | 25 (NR) | NR | — | 1.0 g TXA IA | 1.0 g TXA IV |
| Tu et al12 | 66 (68) | — | — | 80 (67) | medial parapatellar | 2 g TXA IV | 2 g TXA IA | — |
| Zhao et al11 | 70 (69) | 70(70) | — | — | medial parapatellar | — | 10 mg/kg TXA IV | 0.5 g TXA IA |
| Zhao et al10 | 43 (70) | — | — | 43 (71) | medial parapatellar | — | 1 g TXA IV, 1 g TXA IA | 1.0 g TXA IV |
| Zhao et al9 | 23 (65.3) | — | 24 (65.4) | 23 (68) | medial parapatellar | 10 mg/kg TXA IV | 10 mg/kg TXA IA | 1.5 g TXA IA |
IV, intravenous; IA, intra-articular; TXA, tranexamic acid; NR, no report