TABLE 3.
All-cause mortality risk in relation to a body shape index (ABSI), body adiposity index (BAI), body mass index (BMI), and other anthropometric measures using Cox proportional hazards regression
| Anthropometric measure | Category
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
| ABSI quintiles | |||||
| Median (range) | 0.68 (0.25–0.70) | 0.71 (0.70–0.72) | 0.74 (0.72–0.75) | 0.76 (0.75–0.78) | 0.81 (0.78–1.86) |
| Number of deaths (%) | 1479 (9.54) | 1734 (11.2) | 1987 (12.8) | 2308 (14.9) | 3253 (21.0) |
| Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.04 (0.97–1.12) | 1.15 (1.07–1.23) | 1.28 (1.20–1.37) | 1.78 (1.67–1.89) |
| Multivariate HR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (0.93–1.08) | 1.05 (0.98–1.13) | 1.10 (1.03–1.18) | 1.37 (1.28–1.47) |
| BAI quintiles | |||||
| Median (range) | 26.6 (0.40–28.3) | 29.6 (28.3–30.8) | 32.1 (30.8–33.4) | 35.1 (33.4–37.3) | 40.9 (37.3–91.2) |
| Number of deaths (%) | 2047 (13.2) | 2008 (13.0) | 2023 (13.0) | 2107 (13.6) | 2576 (16.6) |
| Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.91 (0.86–0.97) | 0.91 (0.85–0.96) | 0.96 (0.90–1.02) | 1.34 (1.27–1.42) |
| Multivariate HR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.91 (0.85–0.97) | 0.85 (0.80–0.91) | 0.86 (0.81–0.92) | 1.06 (0.99–1.13) |
| BMI quintiles | |||||
| Median (range), kg/m2 | 21.2 (11.9–22.6) | 23.7 (22.6–24.9) | 26.0 (24.9–27.4) | 29.0 (27.4–31.1) | 34.6 (31.1–69.9) |
| Number of deaths (%) | 2133 (13.8) | 1998 (12.9) | 2042 (13.2) | 2129 (13.7) | 2459 (15.9) |
| Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.90 (0.85–0.96) | 0.93 (0.87–0.99) | 1.02 (0.96–1.08) | 1.46 (1.38–1.55) |
| Multivariate HR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.87 (0.82–0.93) | 0.84 (0.78–0.89) | 0.86 (0.80–0.92) | 1.05 (0.98–1.12) |
| BMI categoriesb | |||||
| Median (range), kg/m2 | 17.8 (11.9–18.5) | 22.7 (18.5–25.0) | 27.1 (25.0–30.0) | 32.0 (30.0–35.0) | 38.5 (35.0–69.9) |
| Number of deaths (%) | 200 (21.4) | 4066 (13.8) | 3549 (13.4) | 1720 (14.4) | 1226 (17.4) |
| Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.70 (1.48–1.96) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.03 (0.99–1.08) | 1.27 (1.20–1.34) | 1.93 (1.81–2.06) |
| Multivariate HR (95% CI)a | 1.58 (1.35–1.84) | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.93 (0.88–0.97) | 1.01 (0.95–1.07) | 1.30 (1.20–1.40) |
| Weight quintiles | |||||
| Median (range), kg | 54.5 (31.0–58.7) | 62.0 (58.8–65.0) | 68.2 (65.1–71.8) | 76.0 (71.9–81.9) | 91.0 (82.0–195) |
| Number of deaths (%) | 2295 (14.7) | 2025 (13.0) | 2021 (13.2) | 2012 (13.0) | 2408 (15.6) |
| Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.91 (0.85–0.96) | 0.96 (0.90–1.02) | 1.01 (0.95–1.07) | 1.53 (1.44–1.62) |
| Multivariate HR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.85 (0.80–0.91) | 0.88 (0.82–0.93) | 0.85 (0.79–0.91) | 1.10 (1.03–1.17) |
| Waist circumference quintiles | |||||
| Median (range), cm | 69.5 (35.5–73.0) | 76.1 (73.1–79.0) | 82.5 (79.1–86.0) | 90.0 (86.1–95.0) | 103 (95.1–197) |
| Number of deaths (%) | 1852 (11.7) | 1852 (12.0) | 2182 (13.3) | 2176 (14.6) | 2699 (18.1) |
| Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.95 (0.89–1.01) | 1.05 (0.98–1.11) | 1.18 (1.11–1.26) | 1.77 (1.67–1.88) |
| Multivariate HR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.90 (0.84–0.96) | 0.93 (0.87–0.99) | 0.95 (0.89–1.02) | 1.21 (1.13–1.29) |
| Hip circumference quintiles | |||||
| Median (range), cm | 92.0 (40.0–95.5) | 98.0 (95.6–101) | 103 (101–106) | 109 (106–113) | 120 (113–200) |
| Number of deaths (%) | 2213 (14.2) | 2104 (13.3) | 1964 (12.8) | 2105 (13.2) | 2375 (16.0) |
| Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.95 (0.89–1.01) | 0.94 (0.88–1.00) | 1.03 (0.97–1.10) | 1.47 (1.39–1.56) |
| Multivariate HR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.92 (0.87–0.99) | 0.90 (0.84–0.96) | 0.90 (0.85–0.97) | 1.13 (1.05–1.20) |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | |||||
| Median (range) | 0.72 (0.28–0.74) | 0.76 (0.74–0.78) | 0.80 (0.78–0.82) | 0.84 (0.82–0.86) | 0.90 (0.86–2.88) |
| Number of deaths (%) | 1596 (10.3) | 1808 (11.7) | 2064 (13.3) | 2341 (15.1) | 2952 (19.1) |
| Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.02 (0.96–1.09) | 1.13 (1.06–1.21) | 1.30 (1.22–1.38) | 1.70 (1.60–1.81) |
| Multivariate HR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (ref.) | 0.96 (0.89–1.03) | 1.00 (0.93–1.07) | 1.04 (0.97–1.12) | 1.20 (1.13–1.29) |
Adjusted for age (continuous), race/ethnicity (NHW, black, Hispanic, Asian, native, other/unknown), education (< high school, high school, some college, ≥ college), alcohol (< or ≥ 1 drink/day), smoking pack-years (0, < 5, 5 to < 20, ≥ 20), energy intake (continuous), HEI-2005 (continuous), moderate-strenuous physical activity (continuous), sedentary time (continuous), sleep (< 7, 7–9, ≥ 10 h/day), hormone replacement therapy (never, former, current), diabetes (yes/no), MI (ever/never), and general health construct (continuous).
Standard World Health Organization categories: underweight (< 18.5), normal weight (18.5–24.9; reference group), overweight (25–29.9), obesity I (30–34.9), and obesity II/III (≥ 35).