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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 7.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Healthc Mater. 2016 Jul 7;5(17):2174–2181. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201600505

Figure 4.

Figure 4

a) Immunofluorescence staining of the vascularized bone formation in the biphasic structural constructs. The fluorescence images for anti-von Willebrand factor (vWF, green) and osteopontin (OPN, red) showed that the PD-B/Gel-V construct possessed higher angiogenesis and osteogenesis than other control groups. The scale bars indicate 100 μm. b) Immunofluorescence staining of the vascular capillary network and lumen identified positive for human CD31 antibody in the designed different regions of the 10 wt% GelMA printed hydrogel after four weeks. The scale bars indicate 50 μm. c) Quantification of ALP activities, Collagen type I (Col I) synthesis, VEGF expression, and calcium deposition on the different biphasic structural constructs (10 wt% GelMA). All data showed that the PD-B/Gel-V construct enhanced the osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation.