Table 1.
Honeybee and its products used for medicinal purposes in Lithuania.
| Bee and its products | Usage | Indication | Ingredients | Preparation method | Usage method | Archival source number |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bee, Apes | External | Viper's bite | Whole bee | Compress | Application to poisoned part | MT T3, P. 118–120 |
| External | Toothache | Whole dead bee | Decoction | Rinse the painful part | LLTI BK III-1167 | |
| Internal | Viper's bite | Whole bee | Live bee | Oral | MT T3, P. 118–120; MMNB F127-87, P. 2–4 | |
| Internal | Swollen throat | Whole bee | Dried bee | Oral | MT T5, P. 19–25 | |
| Internal | Epilepsy | Whole bee | Decoction of dried bees | Oral | LNMA F.NM B75, P. 12; VUBRS F81-115, P. 54-55 | |
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| Honeycomb | External | Viper's bite | Whole honeycomb | Fumigation | MT T3, P. 118–120 | |
| Internal | Children's startle | Whole honeycomb | Decoction | Oral | LKDA B6160, P. 19–81 | |
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| Honey, Mel communis | External | Tetter | Whole | Ointment | Applied to damaged part | LLTI BK III-653 |
| External | Neck pain | Whole | Ointment | Applied to damaged part | MT T5, P. 198 | |
| External | Tonsillitis | Whole | Ointment | Applied to damaged part | LMDA I 211 a./20 | |
| External | Joint pain | Whole | Ointment | Applied to damaged part and heated in the sun | IIES 208, P. 872 | |
| External | Abscess | Whole | Ointment | Applied to damaged part | LLTI BK III-901 | |
| External | Tonsillitis | Honey, water | Decoction | Rinse the painful part | MMNB F 25-188, P. 45 | |
| External | Abscess | Honey, backfat | Compress | Application to damaged part | VUBRS F81-92, P. 30; LKDA B642/5, P. 58 | |
| External | Pneumonia | Honey, Nicotiana tabacum L. | Compress | Application to the breast | VUBRS F81-92, P. 21 | |
| External | Abscess | Honey, powder of dried toad | Compress | Application to damaged part | LLTI B2574, P. 18 | |
| External | Abscess | Honey, tuber of Allium sativum L. | Compress | Application to damaged part | LLTI KN.605, P. 193–195 | |
| External | Wound | Honey, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. | Compress | Application to damaged part | LMDA I 283/44921 | |
| External | Slag | Honey, milk | Compress | Application to damaged part | VUBRS F81-92, P. 33 | |
| External | Tonsillitis | Honey, dried toad powders | Compress | Application to damaged part | LNMA KN 270, P. 477 | |
| External | Bone pain | Honey, Nicotiana tabacum L. | Compress | Application to damaged part | LKDA B642/5, P. 58 | |
| External | Hernia | Honey, swine bile | Compress | Application to damaged part | MMNB F25-188 | |
| External | Abscess | Honey, goose fat | Compress | Application to damaged part | IIES 208/192, P. 882 | |
| External | Wounds | Honey, tuber of Allium cepa L., cream, butter | Ointment | Application to damaged part | LMM, P. 171 | |
| External | Wounds | Honey, beeswax, chicken fat, butter | Ointment | Application to damaged part | LMM, P. 155 | |
| External | Wounds, abscess | Honey, decoction of Matricaria recutita L. flowers, juice of Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f., melted butter | Ointment | Application to damaged part | MMA A424, P. 36-37 | |
| External | Infected wound | Honey, beeswax, fir or pine resin, tuber of Allium sativum L., melted butter or suet, juice of Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. | Compress with linen cloth | Application to damaged part | MMNB F 127-87, P. 35–37 | |
| External | Eyestrain | Wild bee's honey | Raw | Application to damaged part | LMDA I 211 a./26 | |
| Internal | Measles | Honey | Raw | Oral | MMNB F 127-87, P. 35–37 | |
| Internal | Wounds | Honey | Raw | Oral | LLTI B 2750, P. 326 | |
| Internal | Eyestrain | Wild bee's honey | Raw | LMM, P. 155 | ||
| Internal | Cough | Honey, leaves of Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. | Maceration | Oral | LMM, P. 10 | |
| Internal | Phthisis, tonsillitis | Honey, juice of Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. | Maceration | Oral | MMNB PR.957, P. 2 | |
| Internal | High blood pressure | Honey, dried herb of Tanacetum vulgare L. | Maceration | Oral | MMA A418, P. 2 | |
| Internal | Smallpox | Honey, vodka | Extraction | Oral | MMNB 544 | |
| Internal | Tonsillitis | Honey, Zingiber officinale Roscoe | Extraction | Oral | MMNB F127-87, P. 5 | |
| Internal | High blood pressure | Honey, Anethum graveolens L. | Maceration | Oral | MMA A418, P. 2 | |
| Internal | Bronchitis | Honey, juice of Viburnum opulus L. berries, juice of Beta vulgaris L. | Maceration | Oral | IIES 208/191, P. 876 | |
| Internal | Cough, phthisis, sore throat, dyspnea | Honey, hot milk | Oral | LLTI BK III-451; LLTI B4260, P. 63/210 | ||
| Internal | Scarlatina | Honey, dried toad powders | Decoction | Oral | LLTI B4258, P. 3; LLTI B2574, P. 6;. 63. | |
| Internal | Tonsillitis | Honey, ashes of toad | Oral | MMA A418, P. 1 | ||
| Internal | Cough | Honey, tuber of Allium sativum L. | Oral | LNMA F NM B75, P. 4 | ||
| Internal | Phthisis | Honey, dog's lard, butter | Oral | LLTI B4258, P. 22-23 | ||
| Internal | Rheumatism | Honey, ants | Decoction | Oral | MMA A418, P. 1 | |
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| Bee stings | External | Rheumatism, arthritis | Bee stings | Raw | Application to damaged part | LLTI B4258, P. 18 |
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| Propolis | External | Abscess | Propolis | Raw | Application to damaged part | LMDA I 1060/412; LLTI B1081, P. 55 |
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| Propolis | External | Joints pain | Propolis, ethanol | Extraction | Application to damaged part | MMNB F117-168, P. 2 |
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| Propolis | External | Toothache | Propolis, ethanol | Extraction | Application to damaged part | VUBRS F81-921, P. 23–25 |
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| Propolis | External | Wounds | Propolis, ethanol | Extraction | Application to damaged part | LLTI BK III-343 |
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| Propolis | External | Joints pain | Propolis, sunflower oil | Solution in oil | Application to damaged part | LNMA FNM B172, P. 18 |
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| Propolis | Internal | Inside wounds | Propolis, ethanol | Extraction | Oral, drops in water | LNMA FNM B155, P. 8–10 |
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| Beeswax | External | Ear pain | Beeswax, linen cloth | Burning of rolled waxy linen cloth | LMDA I 1060 4/239 | |
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| Beeswax | External | Abscess | Beeswax, sheep fat | Ointment | Application to damaged part | LLTI BK III-1154 |
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| Beeswax | External | Burned skin | Beeswax, egg | Application to damaged part | LLTI BK III-343 | |
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| Beeswax | External | Abscess | Beeswax, butter, tuber of Allium sativum L. | Ointment | Application to damaged part | LKDA B6160, P. 19/74 |
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| Beeswax | External | Wounds | Beeswax, chicken fat, honey | Ointment | Application to damaged part | LMM, P. 155 |
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| Beeswax | External | “Rose” disease | Beeswax, fir resin, Tilia cordata Mill. flowers, Matricaria recutita L. flowers, butter | Ointment | Application to damaged part | MMA A418, P. 2 |
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| Beeswax | External | Infected wounds | Beeswax, tuber of Allium sativum L., lard, fir resin, soap | Ointment | Application to damaged part | MMNB, F127-87, P. 24 |
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| Beeswax | External | “Rose” disease | Beeswax, fir resin, lard | Ointment | Application to damaged part | LLTI BK III-1088 |