Table 3.
How many are told, at what age, and by whom.
| Reference | Total child N | Age range of total sample | Mean age (SD) of total sample | N (%) of sample told | Age range when told | Mean age (SD) when told | Who told N (%)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atwiine et al. (23) | 307 | 5–17 | Median 8 | 95 (30.9) | – | 11.6 (–) | Mother 47 (50.0) |
| Other relative 28 (29.8) | |||||||
| Father 10 (10.6) | |||||||
| Grandparent 9 (9.6) | |||||||
| Bhattacharya et al. (25) | 145 | ≥5 | 9.1 (–) | 60 (41.4) | ≥5 | 9.1 (1.4) | Parents 51 (85.0) |
| Other relative 6 (10.0) | |||||||
| Health care 3 (5.0) | |||||||
| Staff | |||||||
| Boon-Yasidhi et al. (26) | 96 | 5–15 | 8.6 (–) | 19 (20.0) | – | 9.6 (–) | Mother 7 (36.8) |
| Step-parent 5 (26.3) | |||||||
| Father 3 (15.8) | |||||||
| Grandparent 3 (15.8) | |||||||
| Sister 1 (5.3) | |||||||
| Brown et al. (27) | 96 | 6–14 | 8.8 (2.2) | 13 (13.5) | 4.5–13 | 8.7 (2.2) | Mother 6 (46.1) |
| Father 3 (23.1) | |||||||
| Stepmother 1 (7.7) | |||||||
| Aunt 1 (7.7) | |||||||
| Grandfather 1 (7.7) | |||||||
| Health care 1 (7.7) | |||||||
| Worker | |||||||
| Fetzer et al. (28) | 20 | 9–17 | – | 4 (20.0) | – | – | Caregiver 3 (75.0) |
| Other 1 (25.0) | |||||||
| Kallem et al. (30) | 71 | 8–14 | 10.4 (1.7) | 15 (21.1) | – | 11.7 (1.9) | Caregivers 15 (100.0) |
| Lester et al. (32) | 51 | 6–10 | 8.3 (–) | 22 (43.1) | – | Median 9.7 | Caregivers 16 (72.7) |
| Child knew 3 (13.6) | |||||||
| Inadvertent 2 (9.1) | |||||||
| Health care 1 (4.5) | |||||||
| Worker | |||||||
| Mahloko and Madiba (33) | 149 | 4–17 | 8.2 (3.1) | 59 (39.6) | 4–17 | 9.3 (2.9) | Mother 23 (39.7) |
| Grandparent 17 (29.3) | |||||||
| Health care 13 (22.4) | |||||||
| Worker | |||||||
| Other relative 5 (8.6) | |||||||
| Mweemba et al. (34) | 30 | 10–15 | 11.9 (–) | 17 (56.7) | 10–15 | 12.2 (–) | – |
| Naidoo and McKerrow (35) | 100 | 8–14 | 10.9 (–) | 27 (27.0) | – | 11.6 (0.3) | Parent 23 (84.6) |
| Grandparent 3 (11.5) | |||||||
| Nurse 1 (3.9) | |||||||
| Oberdorfer et al. (36) | 103 | 6–16 | 9.5 (–) | 31 (30.1) | 4–15 | 9.2 (3.0) | Grandparent 10 (32.2) |
| Health care 9 (29.0) | |||||||
| Provider | |||||||
| Mother 5 (16.1) | |||||||
| School friends 5 (16.1) | |||||||
| Other relative 2 (6.4) | |||||||
| Vaz et al. (38)a | 19 | 10–18 | 15.0 (–) | Health care 11 (52.4) | |||
| Worker | |||||||
| Parent 9 (42.9) | |||||||
| Inadvertent 1 (14.3) | |||||||
| Vaz et al. (39)a | 8 | 8–16.5 | 12.6 (–) | Mother 5 (71.4) | |||
| Father 1 (14.3) | |||||||
| Health care 1 (14.3) | |||||||
| Worker |
aVaz et al. (38, 39) studied only HIV+ youth who had been disclosed to; thus, the proportion who experienced disclosure could not be calculated.
bIn some cases, the number of caregivers is greater than the number of children told, because the youth were told jointly by multiple caregivers; in others, the number of caregivers is less because multiple children were told.