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. 2016 Sep 8;6:32841. doi: 10.1038/srep32841

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Copyright © 2016, The Author(s)

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. Cross-sectional distributions of pH and atpB expression levels at each selected section (red bars) within (A) intact and (B) dextranase (Dex)-treated microcolonies. We measured pH values and atpB expression level before (0 min) and after (60 min) exposure to neutral buffer. The results were presented as ΔpH (C) and fold-change atpB expression (D) (between 60 min and 0 min). The symmetric (‘mirror-image’) plots of pH (C) and atpB (D) from intact and Dex-treated microcolonies indicate that S. mutans residing within the 3D structure is actively responding to local microenvironmental changes. Asterisk (P < 0.05) and double asterisk (P < 0.01) indicate that the values for the different experimental groups are significantly different from each other.