Table 4.
Odds ratios of presenteeism on workplace psychosocial factors from logistic regression models
| Crude OR (95 % CI) |
Model A OR (95 % CI) |
Model B OR (95 % CI) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experience of age discrimination | no | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| yes | 1.84 (1.63–2.08) | 1.77 (1.56–2.00) | 1.77 (1.56–2.00) | |
| Educational background discrimination | no | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| yes | 1.38 (1.24–1.54) | 1.38 (1.24–1.54) | 1.35 (1.22–1.51) | |
| Regional discrimination | no | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| yes | 1.60 (1.36–1.90) | 1.58 (1.34–1.87) | 1.55 (1.31–1.83) | |
| Sexual discrimination | no | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| yes | 1.75 (1.49–2.05) | 1.70 (1.45–1.99) | 1.65 (1.41–1.94) | |
| Employment type discrmination | no | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| yes | 2.19 (1.94–2.46) | 2.15 (1.91–2.42) | 2.13 (1.89–2.40) | |
| Physical violence | no | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| yes | 2.18 (1.65–2.88) | 2.06 (1.55–2.73) | 1.92 (1.45–2.55) | |
| Bullying, harassment | no | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| yes | 1.61 (1.05–2.47) | 1.55 (1.00–2.39) | 1.49 (0.96–2.31) | |
| Sexual harassment | no | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| yes | 3.16 (2.20–4.55) | 2.89 (2.01–4.18) | 2.90 (2.01–4.19) | |
| Job insecurit | no | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| yes | 1.32 (1.15–1.51) | 1.30 (1.13–1.49) | 1.36 (1.18–1.56) | |
| Work–life balance | good | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| poor | 1.47 (1.38–1.56) | 1.46 (1.38–1.56) | 1.38 (1.29–1.47) | |
| Job satisfaction | high | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| low | 1.99 (1.88–2.11) | 2.04 (1.91–2.17) | 2.04 (1.91–2.17) | |
| Colleagues support | high | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| low | 1.16 (1.06–1.26) | 1.13 (1.03–1.23) | 1.11 (1.02–1.21) | |
| Supervisors support | high | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| low | 1.07 (1.00–1.15) | 1.03 (0.95–1.11) | 1.04 (0.96–1.12) | |
| Job stress | low | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| high | 1.87 (1.74–2.00) | 1.94 (1.81–2.09) | 1.89 (1.76–2.02) | |
| Emotional labor | no | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| yes | 1.52 (1.43–1.61) | 1.55 (1.45–1.64) | 1.50 (1.41–1.60) | |
| Work intensity | low | 1 | 1 | |
| high | 1.31 (1.24–1.39) | 1.31 (1.23–1.38) | 1.31 (1.23–1.38) | |
| Work autonomy | high | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| low | 1.06 (1.01–1.13) | 1.02 (0.97–1.09) | 1.03 (0.97–1.09) | |
| Job strain | Low strain | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Passive group | 1.14 (1.05–1.23) | 1.10 (1.01–1.19) | 1.09 (1.00–1.18) | |
| Active group | 1.43 (1.31–1.55) | 1.42 (1.30–1.54) | 1.39 (1.28–1.51) | |
| High strain | 1.39 (1.28–1.50) | 1.33 (1.23–1.45) | 1.35 (1.24–1.46) | |
Model A: Adjusted for sex, age group, smoking, drinking, education, income
Model B: Model A + Adjusted for job type, employment contract, work schedule, working hours
OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval