Table 3.
Association Between Kidney Function and Cardiovascular Diseases in Chinese Adults Ages ≥40 Years (REACTION 2011–2012)
| Normal | Mildly Reduced Kidney Function | CKD | P trend | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (eGFR ≥90) | (eGFR 75–89) | (eGFR 60–74) | (eGFR <60) | ||
| Cardiovascular diseasesa (n=289 832) | |||||
| Men (n=82 246) | |||||
| Case percentage (%) | 3010 (5.1) | 1555 (9.8) | 607 (11.6) | 291 (16.0) | |
| Age‐adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.10 (1.03–1.18)b | 1.25 (1.14–1.38)b | 1.61 (1.40–1.85)b | <0.001 |
| Multivariable‐adjusted OR (95% CI)c | 1.00 | 1.02 (0.95–1.10) | 1.06 (0.96–1.18) | 1.21 (1.05–1.40)b | 0.02 |
| Women (n=157 586) | |||||
| Case percentage (%) | 5041 (4.4) | 3014 (9.5) | 922 (12.2) | 387 (14.4) | |
| Age‐adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.00 | 0.98 (0.93–1.03) | 1.12 (1.03–1.21)b | 1.28 (1.13–1.44)b | 0.001 |
| Multivariable‐adjusted OR (95% CI)c | 1.00 | 0.95 (0.90–1.01) | 1.02 (0.94–1.11) | 1.13 (1.00–1.28)b | 0.22 |
| 10‐year High Framingham risk for CHDd (n=181 683) | |||||
| Men (n=59 360) | |||||
| Case percentage (%) | 1833 (4.1) | 1010 (9.6) | 411 (12.8) | 157 (16.6) | |
| Age‐adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.31 (1.20–1.43)b | 1.73 (1.53–1.95)b | 2.03 (1.68–2.44)b | <0.001 |
| Multivariable‐adjusted OR (95% CI)e | 1.00 | 1.36 (1.23–1.52)b | 1.70 (1.47–1.97)b | 1.72 (1.36–2.17)b | <0.001 |
| Women (n=122 323) | |||||
| Case percentage (%) | 26 (0.0) | 206 (0.9) | 69 (1.5) | 35 (2.4) | |
| Age‐adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.62 (1.05–2.50)b | 1.84 (1.14–2.98)b | 2.47 (1.43–4.26)b | <0.001 |
| Multivariable‐adjusted OR (95% CI)e | 1.00 | 1.49 (0.94–2.35) | 1.91 (1.15–3.17)b | 1.99 (1.11–3.58)b | <0.001 |
| 10‐year high risk for ASCVDf (n=225 005) | |||||
| Men (n=76 783) | |||||
| Case percentage (%) | 32 346 (57.4) | 11 890 (83.3) | 4062 (88.2) | 1402 (91.7) | |
| Age‐adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.31 (1.23–1.39)b | 1.54 (1.37–1.73)b | 2.09 (1.65–2.65)b | <0.001 |
| Multivariable‐adjusted OR (95% CI)c | 1.00 | 1.57 (1.44–1.73)b | 1.60 (1.35–1.90)b | 1.41 (1.01–1.97)b | <0.001 |
| Women (n=148 222) | |||||
| Case percentage (%) | 12 793 (11.6) | 13 329 (46.6) | 3741 (56.2) | 1435 (62.3) | |
| Age‐adjusted OR (95% CI) | 1.00 | 1.26 (1.20–1.32)b | 1.54 (1.42–1.67)b | 2.06 (1.79–2.36)b | <0.001 |
| Multivariable‐adjusted OR (95% CI)c | 1.00 | 1.25 (1.17–1.33)b | 1.30 (1.16–1.45)b | 1.52 (1.25–1.84)b | <0.001 |
ASCVD indicates atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases; CHD, coronary heart disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CVD, cardiovascular diseases; OR, odds ratio; REACTION, Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals: a lONgitudinal study.
Analysis was carried out in participants ages 40 to 79 years (n=289 832), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) was defined as self‐reported CHD, stroke, or myocardial infarction.
Significant data.
Multivariable model adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), education attainment, current smoking status, current alcohol consumption, metabolic equivalent of task minutes per week (MET‐min/week), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), dyslipidemia, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB) use (yes/no), statin use (yes/no), and insulin use (yes/no).
Analysis was carried out in participants ages 40 to 79 years, free of CVD and diabetes (n=181 683), and Framingham Risk Score >20% were identified as at high risks for 10‐year CHD.
Multivariable model adjusted for age, BMI, education attainment, current smoking status, current alcohol consumption, MET‐min/week, HbA1c, SBP, DBP, dyslipidemia, ACEI/ARB use (yes/no), and statin use (yes/no).
Analysis was carried out in participants ages 40 to 79 years, free of CVD (n=225 005), and individuals with ASCVD score ≥7.5% were identified as at high risks for 10‐year ASCVD.