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. 2016 Sep 2;11:4357–4371. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S111029

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© 2016 Bai et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited

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Raman spectra of carboxylated MWCNT-2 and MWCNT-30.

Notes: D-band (~1,350 cm⁻¹) was found along with the characteristic G-band (~1,580 cm⁻¹). Both MWCNTs also exhibited at a higher frequency shoulder to the G-band (known as the D′ band ~1,620 cm⁻¹) suggesting high defect densities in MWCNTs. The ratio of D- to G-band areas (I_D/I_G) was 0.97 and 1.37 for MWCNT-2 and MWCNT-30, respectively, indicating that MWCNT-30 samples contain more defects.

Abbreviation: MWCNT, multiwalled carbon nanotube.