Table S4.
IRRs (95% CI) for AECOPD with a symptom-based exacerbation definition
| Variable | Bivariate | Multivariate |
|---|---|---|
| Population | ||
| General | Ref | Ref |
| Hospital | 3.81 (2.86–5.07)* | 1.78 (1.20–2.64) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | Ref | Ref |
| Female | 1.15 (0.84–1.57) | 1.09 (0.81–1.45) |
| Age, per 10-year increase | 1.02 (0.87–1.21) | 0.71 (0.60–0.83) |
| Smoking status | ||
| Former | Ref | Ref |
| Current | 0.74 (0.54–1.02) | 0.90 (0.67–1.22) |
| Pack-years, per increase of 10 | 1.07 (0.99–1.16) | – |
| Educational level | ||
| Primary | Ref | – |
| Secondary | 0.94 (0.66–1.34) | – |
| University | 0.78 (0.51–1.21) | – |
| COPD grade | ||
| Control | Ref | Ref |
| GOLD II | 5.91 (4.12–8.47)* | 3.08 (1.96–4.84) |
| GOLD III | 8.00 (5.23–12.22)* | 3.45 (1.92–6.18) |
| GOLD IV | 9.15 (5.45–15.38)* | 4.00 (2.09–7.66) |
| Comorbidities, continuous | 1.13 (1.03–1.24)* | 1.05 (0.97–1.14) |
| Maintenance therapy | ||
| No | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 3.49 (2.62–4.65)* | 1.65 (1.15–2.36) |
| Influenza vaccination | ||
| No | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 1.65 (1.21–2.25)* | 0.71 (0.50–1.00) |
| Pneumococcal vaccination | ||
| No | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 2.03 (1.43–2.87)* | 1.15 (0.78–1.70) |
| BMI | ||
| Underweight and normal weight | Ref | – |
| Overweight | 0.96 (0.70–1.31) | – |
Notes:
*
P<0.10. The results are from negative binomial regression models.
Abbreviations: IRR, incidence rate ratio; CI, confidence interval; AECOPD, acute exacerbations of COPD; Ref, reference; GOLD, global Initiative on Obstructive Lung Disease; BMI, body mass index.