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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 8.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Adv Eng Sci Appl Math. 2016 Jan 22;8(2):88–100. doi: 10.1007/s12572-015-0159-5

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

(top panel) Potential of mean force (PMF) 𝒲tether, in units of kBT, as a function of the tether length ℒtether. The PMF shows three distinct scaling regimes — an initial linear regime followed by a quadratic regime which crosses over to a final linear regime—and the scaling relations are also shown alongside. (bottom panel) The force ℱtether, in units of pN, required to extract the tether