Table 1: ECG, Clinical and Genetic Features of Brugada Syndrome and Early Repolarisation Syndrome.

	Brugada Syndrome	ER Syndrome
ECG Features
Diagnostic pattern	Type 1 ECG*	ER pattern¥
Additional ECG abnormalities	Type 2 ECG**, type 3*** ECG, ER pattern¥, f-QRS§	-
Dynamicity of ECG pattern over time	Yes	Yes
Induction of ECG pattern by sodium channel blockers	Yes	No
Vagal-mediated accentuation of ECG pattern	Yes	Yes
Age-dependent manifestation of ECG pattern	Yes	Unknown
Clinical Features
Male predominance	Yes	Yes
Mean age of first arrhythmic event	35–40	35–40
Prognostic value of VA inducibility at EP study	Controversial	No
Circumstances of arrhythmic episodes	Rest/sleep/fever	Rest
Genetic Features
Inheritance	Autosomal dominant	Autosomal dominant
Sporadic cases	Yes	Yes
Association with extra-cardiac diseases	Yes (myopathies)	Not established
Gene mutations	SCN5A, KNCJ8, CACNA1C, CACNA2D1, CACNB2b, ABCC9, SCN10A, GpD1L, SCN1B, KCNE3, SCN3B, KCND3, RANGFR, SLMAP, SCN2B, PKP2, FGF12, HEY2,SEMA3A	SCN5A, KNCJ8, CACNA1C, CACNA2D1, CACNB2b, ABCC9, SCN10A

*Type 1 ECG is characterised by a coved-type ST-segment elevation ≥2 mm in at least one right precordial lead (V1–V3), followed by symmetric negative T waves, with little or no isoelectric separation. **Type 2 ECG displays a ST-segment elevation of >2 mm in right precordial leads followed by positive or biphasic T waves, resulting in a saddleback configuration. ***Type 3 ECG is defined as any of the two previous types if ST-segment elevation is ≤1 mm. ¥ ER pattern is characterised by a notch or slur ≥1 mm, occurring on the final 50 % of the downslope of an R-wave, in two adjacent inferior (II, III and aVF), lateral (I, aVL and V4–V6), or infero-lateral leads. § f-QRS (fragmented QRS) presents as a notch midway on the downslope of an R-wave. BrS = Brugada syndrome; ER syndrome = early repolarisation syndrome.