Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2016 Sep 9;6:33168. doi: 10.1038/srep33168

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2016, The Author(s)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

PMC Copyright notice

(a) Surface sterilization of G. lineatum eggs with hypochlorite sodium to eliminate bacterial symbionts. Bacterial population declined after sterilization of eggs (b) qPCR analysis of DNA extracted from untreated eggs (control) and surface-sterilized eggs of G. lineatum. Bacterial symbiont population dramatically declined after sterilization of eggs (c) qPCR analysis for bacterial symbiont intensity in first nymphs of G. lineatum hatched from control and surface-sterilized eggs with hypochlorite sodium for 15 s. Egg sterilization decreased bacterial symbiont intensity in treated nymphs in comparison with the controls.