Table 1. Primers used in this study.

Target gene/Bacterial group	Primer	Primer sequence (5′ — 3′)	Fwd./Rev	Annealing temp. (°C)	Ref.
16s rRNA	16SA1	AGAGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG	Fwd.	55	40
	16SB1	TACGGYTACCTTGTTACGACTT	Rev.
GroEL	Gro-F1	ATGGCAGCWAAAGACGTAAATTYGG	Fwd.	55	22
	Gro-R1	TTACATCATKCCGCCCATGC	Rev.
COI	LCO1490	GGTCAACAAATCATAAAGATATTGG	Fwd.	48	39
	HCO2198	TAAACTTCAGGGTGACCA AAAAATCA	Rev.
Universal bacterial	906F	AAACTCAAAKGAATTGACGG	Fwd.	61.5	47
	1062R	CTCACRRCACGAGCTGAC	Rev.
α-proteobacteria	α682F	CIAGTGTAGAGGTGAAATT	Fwd.	61.5	47
	908αR	CCCCGTCAATTCCTTTGAGTT	Rev.
β-proteobacteria	Eub338	ACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAG	Fwd.	61.5	46
	Bet680	TCACTGCTACACGYG	Rev.
γ-proteobacteria	1080γF	TCGTCAGCTCGTGTYGTGA	Fwd.	61.5	46
	γ1202R	CGTAAGGGCCATGATG	Rev.
Actinobacteria	Act920F3	TACGGCCGCAAGGCTA	Fwd.	61.5	47
	Act1200R	TCRTCCCCACCTTCCTCCG	Rev.
Bacteriodetes	798cfbF	CRAACAGGATTAGATACCCT	Fwd.	61.5	47
	Cfb967R	GGTAAGGTTCCTCGCGTAT	Rev.
Firmicutes	Lgc353	GCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCG	Fwd.	61.5	47
	Eub518	ATTACCGCGGCTGCTGG	Rev.
18s rRNA	penta-18srRNA-F	CCTGCGGCTTAATTTGACTC	Fwd.	55	This study
	penta-18srRNA-R	AACTAAGAACGGCCATGCAC	Rev.
GroEl	Glsym-groEL-F	TTTCTAACGCCGGTGAAGAG	Fwd.	55	This study
	Glsym-groEL-R	ACCGAAGTCGATCATGTTGC	Rev.