Table 3.
Adjusted Negative Binomial Regression Analysis of Variables Associated With Relative Rate Ratio (RRR) for Brand Awareness With Adjustment for Clustering by School
| Brand awareness | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 (n = 1156) | Model 2 (n = 1092)a | |||||
| Mean | RRR | 95% CI | Mean | RRR | 95% CI | |
| Visit to small shops | ||||||
| About 2 or 3 times a week or more often | 4.18 | 1.39 | 1.19–1.64 | 4.00 | 1.19 | 1.01–1.41 |
| About once a week or less often | 3.00 | 1 | 3.35 | 1 | ||
| Visit to large supermarkets | ||||||
| About 2 or 3 times a week or more often | 4.02 | 1.08 | 0.99–1.16 | 4.02 | 1.09 | 0.98–1.21 |
| About once a week or less often | 3.74 | 1 | 3.69 | 1 | ||
| Notice cigarettes displayed in small shops | ||||||
| Yes | 3.94 | 1.27 | 1.02–1.60 | 3.90 | 1.24 | 1.03–1.51 |
| No | 3.09 | 1 | 3.13 | 1 | ||
| Notice cigarettes displayed in large supermarkets | ||||||
| Yes | 3.93 | 1.20 | 0.98–1.47 | 3.89 | 1.15 | 1.01–1.30 |
| No | 3.27 | 1 | 3.39 | 1 | ||
| Gender | ||||||
| Boys | 4.06 | 1.11 | 1.01–1.22 | |||
| Girls | 3.64 | 1 | ||||
| Age group | ||||||
| 15 years | 4.08 | 1.15 | 1.06–1.24 | |||
| 13 years | 3.56 | 1 | ||||
| Family Affluence Scale (FAS) | ||||||
| Low | 3.79 | 0.97 | 0.87–1.07 | |||
| Medium | 3.83 | 0.96 | 0.91–1.05 | |||
| High | 3.91 | 1 | ||||
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Ever smoke | 5.03 | 1.48 | 1.37–1.59 | |||
| Never smoke | 3.41 | 1 | ||||
| Parental smoking | ||||||
| Both parents smoke | 4.42 | 1.24 | 0.98–1.57 | |||
| One parent smokes | 4.15 | 1.16 | 1.00–1.36 | |||
| No parent smokes | 3.56 | 1 | ||||
| Sibling smoking | ||||||
| Both oldest siblings (brother and sister) smoke | 5.09 | 1.38 | 1.13–1.70 | |||
| One oldest sibling smokes | 4.35 | 1.18 | 1.09–1.27 | |||
| No sibling smokes | 3.68 | 1 | ||||
| Best friend smoking | ||||||
| Friend smokes | 4.35 | 1.16 | 0.99–1.35 | |||
| No friend smokes | 3.75 | 1 | ||||
| Number of evening spend out with friends | ||||||
| 3 or more evenings | 4.10 | 1.11 | 1.05–1.17 | |||
| 2 evenings or less | 3.69 | 1 | ||||
| Hanging around the street/park | ||||||
| Everyday/most days | 3.87 | 1.05 | 0.97–1.14 | |||
| Weekly | 4.28 | 1.16 | 1.00–1.35 | |||
| Less often/never | 3.69 | 1 | ||||
CI = confidence interval.
aAdjusted for age, gender, FAS, smoking status, parental smoking, sibling smoking, best friend smoking, number of evening spend out with friends and hanging around the street/park.