Figure 7. Wortmannin impairs autophagy and leads to increased degeneration of the midgut epithelium.

(a) Western blot analysis of BmAtg8–PE demonstrating autophagy inhibition in midgut cells treated with wortmannin; (b) acid phosphatase activity; (c,d) morphology of larval and pupal epithelium in control (c) and treated (d) pupae; (e) Western blot analysis of cleaved BmCaspase-1 in midgut cells of larvae treated with wortmannin. Lm: larval midgut epithelium; Pm: pupal midgut epithelium. Values represent mean ± s.e.m.