. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 9.

Published in final edited form as: Organ Environ. 2012 Aug 14;25(3):286–307. doi: 10.1177/1086026612456535

Table 3.

Additive random slope and random intercept models predicting willingness to pay for individuals residing in 19 countries in the year 2000

	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3		Model 4¹		Model 5
Intercept	2.808	^***	2.959	^***	2.222	^***	2.231	^***	2.617	^***
Conservatism			−0.052	^***	−0.069	^***	−0.068	^**	−0.068	^**
Age					−0.000		−0.000		−0.000
Male					0.019		0.023		0.023
Education					0.084	^***	0.079	^***	0.079	^***
Income					0.016		0.016		0.015
Social class					0.067	^***	0.070	^***	0.070	^***
Postmaterialism					0.229	^***	0.214	^***	0.215	^***
CH²									−0.147
HDI²									−0.064
EC²									−0.005
Variance components
Between countries³	0.082	^**	0.085	^**	0.071	^**	0.228	^**	0.240	^**
Within countries³	0.957	^***	0.954	^***	0.902	^***	0.890	^***	0.890	^***
Conservatism⁴							0.011	^*	0.011	^*
ICC⁵	0.08		0.08		0.07		0.20		0.21
BIC⁶	26,806		26,789		26,305		26,235		26,258
N	9,560		9,560		9,560		9,560		9,560

Model 4 adds a random slope for conservatism;

CH=Communist history; HDI=Human Development Index; EC=Environmental Conditions;

Random intercept component;

⁴

Random slope component;

⁵

Intraclass Correlation Coefficient;

⁶

Bayesian Information Criteria;

p≤0.05;

^**

p≤0.01;

^***

p≤0.001;

Source: ISSP 2000 Environment II