Table 4.

Cross level interactions of willingness to pay for environmental protection with Communist History, Human Development Index, and Environmental Conditions

	Model 6		Model 7		Model 8
CH1	−0.300	*	−0.137		−0.163
HDI1	0.028		1.035		0.027
EC1	−0.005		−0.006		−0.001
Conservatism	−0.077	***	−0.083	***	−0.087	***
x CH	0.145	**
x HDI			−0.899	***
x EC					−0.004	***
Variance component
Between countries2	0.060	**	0.062	**	0.059	**
Within countries2	0.891	***	0.891	***	0.890	***
Conservatism3	0.006	*	0.005	*	0.005	*
BIC4	26,259		26,256		26,257
N	9,560		9,560		9,560

Note: All models control for age, gender, education, family income, social class, and postmaterialism; all variables were grand mean centered;

¹CH=Communist History; HDI=Human Development Index; EC=Environmental conditions;

²Random intercept component;

³Random slope component;

⁴Bayesian Information Criteria;

^*p≤0.05;

^**p≤0.01;

^***p≤0.001;

Source: ISSP 2000 Environment II