Table 2. Incidence rate and adjusted hazard ratio of pulmonary embolism between ACOS and non-ACOS cohorts stratified by sex, age, comorbidity (no/yes), and drug used (no/yes).
| ACOS | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | Compared to non-ACOS cohort | ||||||
| Variables | Event | PY | Rate | Event | PY | Rate | IRR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR† (95% CI) |
| Overall | 168 | 399412 | 0.42 | 98 | 96387 | 1.02 | 2.42(2.29–2.55)*** | 2.08(1.56–2.76)*** |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Female | 84 | 174000 | 0.48 | 40 | 42226 | 0.95 | 1.96(1.80–2.14)*** | 1.63(1.06–2.50)* |
| Male | 84 | 225412 | 0.37 | 58 | 54160 | 1.07 | 2.87(2.68–3.08)*** | 2.52(1.73–3.69)*** |
| Age, year | ||||||||
| 20–65 | 35 | 192150 | 0.18 | 30 | 47308 | 0.63 | 3.48(3.20–3.78)*** | 2.53(1.44–4.44)*** |
| ≥65 | 133 | 207263 | 0.64 | 68 | 49078 | 1.39 | 2.16(2.01–2.32)*** | 1.87(1.34–2.61)*** |
| Comorbidity | ||||||||
| No | 38 | 174432 | 0.22 | 19 | 26933 | 0.71 | 3.24(2.95–3.56)*** | 2.97(1.54–5.71)*** |
| Yes | 130 | 224981 | 0.58 | 79 | 69453 | 1.14 | 1.97(1.84–2.10)*** | 2.00(1.47–2.73)*** |
| Drug used | ||||||||
| No | 73 | 224312 | 0.33 | 18 | 15564 | 1.16 | 3.55(3.22–3.92)*** | 3.21(1.89–5.43)*** |
| Yes | 95 | 175100 | 0.54 | 80 | 80822 | 0.99 | 1.82(1.70–1.96)*** | 1.89(1.40–2.56)*** |
ACOS, asthma–COPD overlap syndrome; Drug used, including subjects with inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) or oral steroids(OSs); PY, person-year; Rate, incidence rate (per 1,000 person-years); IRR, incidence rate ratio; Adjusted HR†: multiple cox model analysis including age, sex, each comorbidity, inhaled corticosteroid (ICSs), and oral steroids(OSs);
*p<0.05,
***p<0.001