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. 2016 Sep 9;11(9):e0162285. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162285

Table 4. Maternal and infant characteristics and dietary diversity scores (DDS).

Variables	Categories	DDS
Variables	Categories	N(%)	Mean ± SD	p-value
Weight gain according to IOM	Adequate weight gain	178(30.8)	4.9 ± 1.4
	Low weight gain	361(62.5)	3.9±1.6	<0.0001^a^,^b
	Excess weight gain	39(6.7)	5.0±1.6
Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m²)	Normal (18.5–24.99)	334(57.8)	4.10±1.5	<0. 0001^a^, ^c
	Under weight (<18.5)	20(3.46)	2.7±1.6
	Over weight (>25<30)	147(25.4)	4.7±1.5
	Obese (>30)	77(13.3)	4.8±1.7
Haemoglobin level (g/dL)	Below normal<11.0)	281(48.6)	4.0±0.1	0.039^t
Haemoglobin level (g/dL)	Normal (≥11.0)	297(51.4)	4.5±0.1
Gestational age in weeks	<37	140(24.2)	4.1±1.7	0.064^t
Gestational age in weeks	≥37	438(75.8)	4.4±1.6
Birth weight (kg)	Normal (2.5–3.99)	356(61.6)	5.0±1.0
	Low birth weight (<2.5)	162(28.0)	2.2±1.0	<0.0001^a^, ^d
	Too heavy (≥4)	60(10.4)	6.0±1.0

^a One way anova,

^t independent t-test,

^b Inadequate, Normal excessive weight gain,

^c <18.5, 18.5–24.99, >25<30, >30,

^d Normal, Low birth weight, Too heavy