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. 2016 Sep 9;11(9):e0162285. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162285

Table 5. Determinants of maternal dietary patterns/habits.

Variable Measurements Health conscious diet Non-Health conscious diet
Coef (95%CI) P-value Coef (95%CI) P-value
Out of home eating No Ref.
Yes -0.2 (-0.4-(-0.1) 0.003 -0.0 (-0.2-(0.2) 0.765
Wealth index Middle Ref.
Low -0. 1(-0.3–0.0) 0.159 -0.2 (-0.4-(-0.0) 0.030
Upper 0.0(-0.2–0.2) 0.991 0.2 (0.0–0.4) 0.034
Education Formal education Ref.
No formal education 0.0 (-0.1–0.2) 0.821 -0.2 (-0.4–0.1) 0.007
Mother’s Occupation Formal Ref
Housewife/Student -0.0 (-0.2–0.2) 0.939 -0.2 (-0.4–0.1) 0.182
Informal -0.0 (-0.3–0.2) 0.789 -0.2 (-0.4–0.1) 0.298
Description of diet during pregnancy Eat meat and fish Ref.
Avoid fish but eat meat -0.1 (-0.4–0.2) 0.613 -0.3 (-0.7–0.1) 0.095
Avoid meat but eat fish 0.3 (0.1–0.1) 0.009 -0.2 (-0.5–0.1) 0.129
Avoid meat and fish -0.1 (-0.5–0.4) 0.699 -0.8 (-1.1-(-0.0) 0.043
Location Urban ref
Rural -0.1 (-0.2–0.1) 0.494 -0.1 (-0.3–0.1) 0.212
Age of mother 21–30 Ref.
15–20 0.125 (-0.1–0.3) 0.269 0.1 (-0.2–0.4) 0.389
>30 -0.0 (-0.2–0.2) 0.979 -0.0 (-0.2–0.1) 0.646
Experienced nausea No Ref.
Yes -0.1 (-6-0.8) 0.799 0.1 (-0.6–0.8) 0.811
Experienced vomiting No Ref.
Yes -0.013 (-0.5–0.6) 0.865 0.0 (-0.2–0.2) 0.719
Eat more or less when nauseating/vomiting Eat normal Ref.
Eat less -0.0 (-0.6–0.6) 0.950 0.1 (-0.6–0.8) 0.776
Eat more -0.2 (-0.5–0.9) 0.572 0.1 (-0.8–0.9) 0.872
Practiced pica No ref
Yes 0.0 (-0.1–0.2) 0.793 0.3 (-0.1–0.5) 0.006
Skip break fast No ref
Yes -0.4 (-0.6-(-0.4) <0.001 0.0 (-0.2–0.3) 0.839
Marital status Yes ref
No 0.5 (-0.2–1.2) 0.129 0.4 (-0.5–1.2) 0.427
Body mass index (BMI) Normal ref
Underweight -0.4 (-0.7–0.0) 0.036 -0.0 (-0.4–0.4) 0.979
Overweight 0.2(0.0–0.3) 0.025 0.1 (-0.1–0.3) 0.379
Obese 0.1 (-0.1–0.3) 0.426 0.2 (-0.1–0.5) 0.156
Weight gain according to IOM Adequate Ref
Low -0.2 (-0.3–0.0) 0.019 0.1 (-0.1–0.3) 0.364
Excess -0.1 (-0.4–0.2) 0.577 -0.1 (-0.4–0.3) 0.748

Ref: reference