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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Oct 15.
Published in final edited form as: Biol Psychiatry. 2016 Mar 9;80(8):589–598. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.03.1047

Table 4.

The possible link between PNN deficits and prominent schizophrenia hypotheses

Neuropathological Hypothesis Contributory effect of PNN
Dopamine Unknown
Glutamate Anomalies in trafficking of glutamatergic receptors
GABA Impairment in the maturation of parvalbumin interneurons/inhibitory circuitry
Immune Dysregulation Compromised PNNs mediated by MMPs
Myelination Interaction with PNN via Nogo
Oxidative Stress Compromised antioxidant defense system on the surface of neurons
Neurodevelopment Temporal anomalies in the onset and closure of critical periods
Reduced Neuropil Deficits in the stabilization and formation of synapses
Synaptic Connectivity Deficits in the stabilization of synapses
Synaptic Prunning Deficits in the formation of synapses