Figure 3.

Timeline for experimental design. The mice were allowed to acclimatize to the environment for the first week. Then the mice in MACA were treated with maca powder suspension administered by gavage once a day for 5 weeks. From the 25th day of maca treatment, all mice underwent Morris water maze test (1 w), rotarod test (1 d), and endurance capacity test (1 d) in succession. Sample collection was performed 48 h after the endurance capacity test to minimize the influence of behavioral tests.