Table 2.

Geometric mean levels of biomarkers in maternal urine by population characteristics and risk factors (n = 184) (µg/g, creatinine corrected urine levels).

Variable	Category	TCS	TCC	2′-OH-TCC	3′-OH-TCC	3′-Cl-TCC	EtPB	PrPB	BuPB	MePB
Age	≤24 years	7.08	0.217	0.011	0.005	0.004	0.393	29.38	0.176	109.25
	25–29 years	11.04	0.156	0.011	0.005	0.004	0.652	47.73	0.251	191.14
	30–34 years	11.57	0.174	0.015	0.008	0.005	1.00	45.58	0.303	255.35
	≥35 years	19.39	0.249	0.014	0.005	0.005	0.724	89.92	0.142	362.48
Education	Some	8.14	0.217	0.011	0.005	0.004	0.554	43.91	0.123	165.01
	High school	11.13	0.160	0.013	0.006	0.005	0.453	40.36	0.240	163.32
	Tech or more	10.67	0.207	0.012	0.005	0.004	0.763	42.96	0.273	200.67
Race/ethn.	Afric. Amer.	7.33	0.151	0.010	0.005	0.004	0.505	44.32	0.164	145.16
	Caribb.	11.33	0.234	0.016	0.006	0.005	0.666	46.40	0.263	210.34
	African	9.36	0.606	0.015	0.009	0.009	1.20	54.72	0.067	341.87
	Other	46.48	0.114	0.015	0.006	0.006	4.78	34.90	2.00	281.11
	Latino	20.79	0.160	0.007	0.004	0.004	0.291	17.48	0.181	121.76
Alcohol	No	12.15	0.169	0.012	0.006	0.005	0.566	41.50	0.201	181.01
	Yes	2.46	5.82	0.134	0.027	0.011	0.557	85.41	0.141	394.28
Tobacco	No	11.94	0.171	0.012	0.006	0.005	0.573	41.52	0.205	184.78
	Yes	3.90	4.39	0.081	0.019	0.011	0.413	84.50	0.090	231.83
Gender	Female	11.49	0.248	0.014	0.006	0.005	0.547	39.00	0.166	183.92
	Male	8.28	0.172	0.012	0.006	0.005	0.555	47.85	0.206	163.28
US Born	Yes	8.63	0.173	0.011	0.005	0.004	0.540	37.52	0.178	129.03
	No	11.86	0.217	0.013	0.006	0.005	0.649	48.30	0.253	249.98

^*Significance level of p < 0.05, bolded in text.